Project IMPACT Resources

Reducing healthcare bias in skin of color through education, information, and shared resources.

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Key Research

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Healthcare Disparities in People of Color

2023

Allen PS, Mickel NM. Exploring race, racism, and structural racism in medicine. Dermatol Clin. 2023 Apr;41(2):345-350. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2022.08.005. Epub 2022 Oct 28. PMID: 36933924.

Ashok Kumar P, Sivapiragasam A, Wang D, et al. Descriptive analysis and factors influencing survival in patients with primary cutaneous gamma-delta T cell lymphoma. A retrospective National Cancer Database study. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2023 Dec;23(12):897-904. doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2023.08.015. Epub 2023 Aug 21. PMID: 37690902.

Avila FR, Spaulding AC, Rinker BD, et al. Demographic characteristics influence treatment costs of invasive melanoma in Florida. Ann Plast Surg. 2023 Mar 1;90(3):248-254. doi: 10.1097/SAP.0000000000003422. PMID: 36796047.

Balazic E, Axler E, Nwankwo C, et al. Minimizing bias in alopecia diagnosis in skin of color patients. J Drugs Dermatol. 2023 Jul 1;22(7):703-705. doi: 10.36849/JDD.7117. PMID: 37410034.

Beer JI, Downie J, Nogueira A, et al. Assessing implicit bias in dermatology. J Drugs Dermatol. 2023 Jul 1;22(7):635-640. doi: 10.36849/JDD.7435. PMID: 37410049.

Beiter K, Rosenblatt A. Consideration of social context in understanding health disparities in pediatric dermatology. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 Dec;89(6):1273-1276. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.08.007. Epub 2023 Aug 9. PMID: 37562605.

Beltrami EJ, Masison J, Feng H. Travel distance and time to dermatology clinical trial sites: a cross-sectional geospatial analysis. Arch Dermatol Res. 2023 Mar 3. doi: 10.1007/s00403-023-02590-w. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36869221.

Besch-Stokes J, Brumfiel CM, Patel MH, et al. Skin cancer knowledge, attitudes and sun protection practices in the Hispanic population: a cross-sectional survey. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2023 Jun;10(3):1293-1303. doi: 10.1007/s40615-022-01314-6. Epub 2022 Apr 29. PMID: 35486349.

Bowers S, Chang AY. The social determinants of health and their impact on dermatologic health, part 1: the social determinants of health and their dermatologic implications. Dermatol Clin. 2023 Apr;41(2):309-316. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2022.10.002. PMID: 36933920.

Brar KK, Singh AM, De Guzman N, et al. Atopic dermatitis: diagnosis, disparity, and management in children of color. NASN Sch Nurse. 2023 Jan 23:1942602X221147033. doi: 10.1177/1942602X221147033. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36688411.

Brown SG 3rd, Cobb CBC, Harvey VM. Racial and ethnic health disparities in dermatology. Dermatol Clin. 2023 Apr;41(2):325-333. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2022.10.003. PMID: 36933922.

Chang AY, Bowers S. The social determinants of health and their impact on dermatologic health, part 2: taking action to address the social determinants of health. Dermatol Clin. 2023 Apr;41(2):317-324. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2022.10.010. Epub 2023 Feb 1. PMID: 36933921.

Chang MJ, Lee D, Desai AD, et al. Disparities in time to diagnosis and disease severity in skin of colour patients with nail psoriasis: a retrospective analysis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2023 Apr 5. doi: 10.1111/jdv.19110. PMID: 37017642.

Choragudi S, Andrade LF, Silverberg J, et al. Trends in health care utilization among United States children with eczema by age, sex, race, and Hispanic ethnicity: National Health Interview Survey 2006-2018. Dermatitis. 2023 Apr 25. doi: 10.1089/derm.2023.0008. PMID: 37098168.

Cox J, Thomas Hawkins C. Racial disparities and pressure injuries among hospitalized patients. Adv Skin Wound Care. 2023 Feb 1;36(2):78-84. doi: 10.1097/01.ASW.0000904460.94583.51. PMID: 36662040.

Elsanadi R, Esse I, Phong C, et al. Alopecia areata clinical trial enrollment and retention outcome factors among underrepresented ethnic and racial groups: a cross-sectional study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 Jul 11:S0190-9622(23)01271-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.07.003. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37442278.

Fahmy LM, Schreidah CM, Geskin LJ. Racial and ethnic disparities in the perception of respect from physicians among skin cancer patients in the United States. JAAD Int. 2023 Jan 27;11:78-82. doi: 10.1016/j.jdin.2023.01.009. PMID: 36941912; PMCID: PMC10023859.

Joshi TP, Garcia D, Gupta R. Leveraging the teledermatology platform for local global health: opportunities (and challenges) for sustainable capacity building. JAAD Int. 2023 Jul 21;13:30-31. doi: 10.1016/j.jdin.2023.07.007. PMID: 37592973; PMCID: PMC10428018.

Krueger L, Hijab E, Latkowski JA, Elbuluk N. Clinical decision-making bias in darker skin types: a prospective survey study identifying diagnostic bias in decision to biopsy. Int J Dermatol. 2023 Apr;62(4):e252-e253. doi: 10.1111/ijd.16213. Epub 2022 Apr 6. PMID: 35388461.

Kumar KD, Desai AD, Shah VP, et al. Racial discrepancies in presentation of hospitalized infantile hemangioma cases using the Kids’ Inpatient Database. Health Sci Rep. 2023 Jan 30;6(2):e1092. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.1092. PMID: 36733669; PMCID: PMC9885246

Lim RK, Weinstock MA. Racial disparities in diagnosis of invasive melanoma among veterans: a comparative analysis with the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 May 29:S0190-9622(23)00985-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.05.046. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37257778.

Munoz EP, Patel SP, Leachman SA, et al. Minority enrollment in melanoma clinical trials. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 Jul 5:S0190-9622(23)01263-X. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.06.043. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37419186.

Patel AD, Rundle CW, Liu B, et al. Teledermatology may benefit marginalized populations: national and institutional trends during the COVID-19 pandemic. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2023 Mar;13(3):827-834. doi: 10.1007/s13555-023-00900-8. Epub 2023 Feb 8. PMID: 36752961; PMCID: PMC9906596.

Sánchez J, Ale IS, Angles MV, et al. Healthcare disparities in atopic dermatitis in Latin America: a narrative review. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2023 Feb;13(2):399-416. doi: 10.1007/s13555-022-00875-y. Epub 2022 Dec 23. PMID: 36562945; PMCID: PMC9786523.

Wasuwanich P, So JM, Chakrala TS, et al. Epidemiology of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in the United States and factors predictive of outcome. JAAD Int. 2023 Jul 11;13:17-25. doi: 10.1016/j.jdin.2023.06.014. PMID: 37575514; PMCID: PMC10413346.

Yardman-Frank JM, Nambudiri V. Ending the pandemic of inaccessibility in dermatology. Clin Dermatol. 2023 Apr 25:S0738-081X(23)00047-0. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2023.04.003. PMID: 37105502.

Zheng DX, Ahmed FA, Levoska MA, et al. Association of sociodemographic characteristics with utilization of sentinel lymph node biopsy for American Joint Committee on Cancer 8th edition T1b cutaneous melanoma. Arch Dermatol Res. 2023 May 30. doi: 10.1007/s00403-023-02641-2. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37249586.

2022

Alexis A, Woolery-Lloyd H, Andriessen A, et al. Evolving concepts in psoriasis: special considerations for patients with skin of color, skin barrier dysfunction, and the role of adjunctive skin care. J Drugs  Dermatol. 2022 Oct 1;21(10):1054-1060. doi: 10.36849/JDD.7090. PMID: 36219055.

Bai X, Shoushtari AN, Betof Warner A, et al. Benefit and toxicity of programmed death-1 blockade vary by ethnicity in patients with advanced melanoma: an international multicentre observational study. Br J Dermatol. 2022 Sep;187(3):401-410. doi: 10.1111/bjd.21241. Epub 2022 May 20. PMID: 35293617.

Bailey K, Adamson AS. Health care disparities and dermatology: A duty to delve deeper. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Nov 11:S0190-9622(22)03001-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.10.059. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36372379.

Chen V, Akhtar S, Zheng C, Kumaresan V, Nouri K. Assessment of changes in diversity in dermatology clinical trials between 2010-2015 and 2015-2020: a systematic review. JAMA Dermatol. 2022 Mar 1;158(3):288-292. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2021.5596. PMID: 35080592; PMCID: PMC8792791.

Cheraghlou S. In defence of the machines: how artificial intelligence may help to improve dermatologic outcomes and diminish barriers and disparities in care. Australas J Dermatol. 2022 Nov 21. doi: 10.1111/ajd.13956. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36409207.

Choi ECE, Phan PHC, Oon HH. Hidradenitis suppurativa: racial and socioeconomic considerations in management. Int J Dermatol. 2022 Dec;61(12):1452-1457. doi: 10.1111/ijd.16163. Epub 2022 Mar 25. PMID: 35333408.

Chovatiya R, Begolka WS, Thibau IJ, et al. Financial burden and impact of atopic dermatitis out-of-pocket healthcare expenses among black individuals in the United States. Arch Dermatol Res. 2022 Oct;314(8):739-747. doi: 10.1007/s00403-021-02282-3. Epub 2021 Sep 27. PMID: 34580770; PMCID: PMC9399197.

Corbett M, Allen A, Bobo N, et al. Proceedings of a roundtable conducted by the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology on racial disparities in atopic dermatitis and food allergy. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2022 Dec 17:S1081-1206(22)02001-4. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2022.12.017. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36538973.

Ding J, Joseph M, Chawla S, et al. Disparities in psoriasis clinical trials: a cross-sectional analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Sep 13:S0190-9622(22)02644-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.09.006. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36113618.

Doolan BJ, Saikal SL, Scaria A, Gupta M. Patient factors associated with dermatology outpatient non-attendance: an analysis of racial and ethnic diversity. Clin Dermatol. 2022 Jan 1:S0738-081X(21)00271-6. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2021.12.013. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34983001.

Duan GY, Ruiz De Luzuriaga AM, Schroedl LM, Rosenblatt AE. Disparities in telemedicine use during the COVID-19 pandemic among pediatric dermatology patients. Pediatr Dermatol. 2022 Mar 18. doi: 10.1111/pde.14982. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35302248.

El-Kashlan N, Alexis A. Disparities in dermatology: a reflection. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2022 Nov;15(11):27-29. PMID: 36381186; PMCID: PMC9651153.

Elhage KG, Davis MS, Hakimi M, et al. Ethnoracial representation in hidradenitis suppurativa clinical trials. Arch Dermatol Res. 2022 Dec 12. doi: 10.1007/s00403-022-02510-4. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36509944.

Ha MV, Wong C. Racial representation in clinical trials for dermatologic new molecular entities.Clin Exp Dermatol. 2022 Feb;47(2):386-388. doi: 10.1111/ced.14871. Epub 2021 Sep 7. PMID: 34346107.

Hauc SC, Rodriguez J, Long AS, et al. Racial and geographic disparities in reconstructive procedures following melanoma resection. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2022 Nov;75(11):4212-4220. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2022.08.031. Epub 2022 Aug 22. PMID: 36182571.

Hooper J, Shao K, Feng H. Racial/ethnic health disparities in dermatology in the United States. Part 1: overview of contributing factors and management strategies. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Feb 7:S0190-9622(22)00194-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.12.061. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35143914.

Jallow M, Ewulu A, Ajilore P, et al. Analyzing disparities in access to teledermatology compared with dermatology clinic visits before, during, and after COVID-19 quarantine. Clin Dermatol. 2022 Nov 4:S0738-081X(22)00165-1. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2022.10.006. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36336317; PMCID: PMC9633105.

Jelousi S, Sharma D, Alexis A, et al. The impact of global health disparities on atopic dermatitis in displaced populations: narrowing the health equity gap for patients with skin of color. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2022 Oct 19. doi: 10.1007/s13555-022-00823-w. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36261772.

Johnson PI, Favela K, Jarin J, et al. Chemicals of concern in personal care products used by women of color in three communities of California. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2022 Nov 2:1–13. doi: 10.1038/s41370-022-00485-y. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36323919; PMCID: PMC9628299.

Kamara M, Kuo AM, Stein SL, et al; PeDRA Skin of Color Special Interest Group. Disparities in availability of skin therapies found in public assistance formularies. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Aug;87(2):411-417. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.08.033. Epub 2021 Aug 25. PMID: 34450205.

Kamat S, Chennareddy S, D’Ovidio T, et al. Disparities in the use of teledermatology during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in a pediatric dermatology practice. Telemed J E Health. 2022 Sep 16. doi: 10.1089/tmj.2022.0221. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36112352.

Kolla AM, Berwick M, Polsky D. Differentiating between lead-time bias and true survival benefits when discussing racial and ethnic disparities in melanoma. JAMA Dermatol. 2022 Jun 1;158(6):701. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2022.0330. PMID: 35442387.

Kolla AM, Seixas A, Adotama P, et al. A health equity framework to address racial and ethnic disparities in melanoma. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Aug 12:S0190-9622(22)02526-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.05.070. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35970385.

Martin MR, Mohsin N, Vilasi S, et al. Challenges documenting racial disparities in Merkel cell carcinoma. Cancer Biol Ther. 2022 Dec 31;23(1):1-3. doi: 10.1080/15384047.2022.2145842. PMID: 36404405; PMCID: PMC9683062.

Moore KJ, Chang MS, Weiss J, et al. Racial and ethnic differences in the surgical treatment of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: a retrospective cohort analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Jul;87(1):245-247. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.08.010. Epub 2021 Aug 11. PMID: 34390786.

Narla S, Heath CR, Alexis A, et al. Racial disparities in dermatology. Arch Dermatol Res. 2022 Dec 12:1–9. doi: 10.1007/s00403-022-02507-z. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36508020; PMCID: PMC9743121.

Nguyen B, Bray FN. Access to dermatologic care in American Indian and Alaska Native communities. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Apr 23:S0190-9622(22)00691-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.04.026. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35472325.

Nock MR, Barbieri JS, Krueger LD, et al. Racial and ethnic differences in barriers to care among US adults with chronic inflammatory skin diseases: a cross-sectional study of the All of Us research program. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Oct 13:S0190-9622(22)02871-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.09.054. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36244557.

Omar D, Syder N, Brown-Korsah JB, McKenzie S, Elbuluk N, Taylor SC. Racial and ethnic disparities in clinical research and the dermatology workforce. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Apr 4:S0190-9622(22)00544-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.03.052. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35390428.

Rezk E, Eltorki M, El-Dakhakhni W. Leveraging artificial intelligence to improve diversity of dermatological skin color pathology: protocol for an algorithm development and validation study. JMIR Res Protoc. 2022 Mar 8;11(3):e34896. doi: 10.2196/34896. PMID: 34983017; PMCID: PMC8941446.

Robinson I, Lee L, Cotton C. The impact of racial differences on treatment strategies in hidradenitis suppurativa: a retrospective review. J Drugs Dermatol. 2022 Mar 1;21(3):270-275. doi: 10.36849/JDD.6446. PMID: 35254766.

Roh YS, Choi J, Sutaria N, Kwatra SG. Itch: epidemiology, clinical presentation, and diagnostic workup. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Jan;86(1):1-14. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.07.076. Epub 2021 Aug 21. PMID: 34428534; PMCID: PMC8678917.

Rosenthal A, Reddy S, Cooper R, et al. Disparities in melanoma-specific mortality by race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and healthcare systems. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Oct 10:S0190-9622(22)02800-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.10.004. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36228942.

Sanchez C, Obayomi A, Motosko C, et al. Teledermatology and skin of color patients. J Drugs Dermatol. 2022 Jul 1;21(7):793-794. doi: 10.36849/JDD.6860. PMID: 35816062.

Serrano L, Ulschmid C, Szabo A, et al. Racial disparities of delay in diagnosis and dermatologic care for hidradenitis suppurativa. J Natl Med Assoc. 2022 Dec;114(6):613-616. doi: 10.1016/j.jnma.2022.08.002. Epub 2022 Oct 28. PMID: 36511276.

Shah N, Ghatnekar S, Nambudiri VE. Variability of over-the-counter spending on acne treatment across race and demographic characteristics. Clin Dermatol. 2022 Apr 13:S0738-081X(22)00051-7. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2022.02.017. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35429623.

Shannon G, Morgan R, Zeinali Z, et al. Intersectional insights into racism and health: not just a question of identity. Lancet. 2022 Dec 10;400(10368):2125-2136. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02304-2. PMID: 36502850.

Shao K, Hooper J, Feng H. Racial/ethnic health disparities in dermatology in the United States. Part 2: disease-specific epidemiology, characteristics, management, and outcomes. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Feb 7:S0190-9622(22)00195-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.12.062. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35143915.

Shao K, Hooper J, Feng H. The importance and complexity of studying and addressing dermatologic health care disparities. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Nov 10:S0190-9622(22)03002-X. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.11.014. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36370905.

Sutaria N, Semenov YR, Kwatra SG. Understanding racial disparities in prurigo nodularis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 May 13:S0190-9622(22)00804-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.05.014. Epub 2022 May 13. PMID: 35577228.

Syder NC, Elbuluk N. Racial and ethnic disparities in research and clinical trials. Dermatol Clin. 2023 Apr;41(2):351-358. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2022.10.007. Epub 2023 Feb 1. PMID: 36933925.

Takeshita J, Chau J, Callis Duffin K, Goel N. Promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion for psoriatic diseases. J Rheumatol. 2022 Mar 15:jrheum.211330. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.211330. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35293335.

Trepanowski N, Huang L, Hartman RI. Response to: “Racial disparities in mortality among patients with prurigo nodularis: a multi-center cohort study”. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 May 13:S0190-9622(22)00805-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.04.063. Epub 2022 May 13. PMID: 35577230.

Wong NS, Grant-Kels JM, Farshchian M. Implications of the Dobbs Decision on marginalized populations: letter in reply to the Supreme Court abortion ban impact on dermatology. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Nov 22:S0190-9622(22)03129-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.11.029. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36427664.

Wu KK, Armstrong AW. Differences in face-to-face time spent with a dermatologist among patients with psoriasis based on race and ethnicity. JAMA Dermatol. 2022 Aug 3:e222426. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2022.2426. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35921118; PMCID: PMC9350842.

Yadav G, Yeung J, Miller-Monthrope Y, et al. Unmet need in people with psoriasis and skin of color in Canada and the United States. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2022 Sep 21. doi: 10.1007/s13555-022-00811-0. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36131193.

2021

Blackshear TB, Kilmon K. Natural hair: a vital component to Black women’s health. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2021 Dec;8(6):1573-1582. doi: 10.1007/s40615-020-00922-4. Epub 2020 Nov 17. PMID: 33201404.

Collins HN, Johnson PI, Calderon NM, Clark PY, Gillis AD, Le AM, Nguyen D, Nguyen C, Fu L, O’Dwyer T, Harley KG. Differences in personal care product use by race/ethnicity among women in California: implications for chemical exposures. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2021 Dec 24. doi: 10.1038/s41370-021-00404-7. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34952926.

Cox G, Sobrany S, Jenkins E, Musipa C, Darbyshire P. Untangling the roots of hair racism in the nursing profession. Br J Nurs. 2021 Oct 14;30(18):1090-1092. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2021.30.18.1090. PMID: 34645336.

Cox G, Sobrany S, Jenkins E, Musipa C, Darbyshire P. Will nurse leaders help eradicate ‘hair racism’ from nursing and health services? J Nurs Manag. 2021 Oct;29(7):2014-2017. doi: 10.1111/jonm.13286. Epub 2021 Mar 22. PMID: 33604971.

Desai SR, McMichael AJ, Khanna R. Coronavirus disease 2019 and race in dermatology. Dermatol Clin. 2021 Oct;39(4):569-574. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2021.05.003. Epub 2021 Jul 29. PMID: 34556246; PMCID: PMC8452265.

Ding J, Joseph M, Yau N, Khosa F. Underreporting of race and ethnicity in pediatric atopic dermatitis clinical trials: a cross-sectional analysis of demographic reporting and representation. Br J Dermatol. 2021 Sep 4. doi: 10.1111/bjd.20740. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34480338.

Fabregas JC, Carter BT, Lutzky J, Robinson WR 3rd, Brant JM. Impact of Medicaid expansion status and race on metastatic disease at diagnosis in patients with melanoma. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2021 Oct 14. doi: 10.1007/s40615-021-01166-6. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34648145.

Junejo MH, Sheikh UA. Human papillomavirus: inequalities in disease prevention and the impact on racial, ethnic, sexual, and gender minorities. Pediatr Dermatol. 2021 Nov;38 Suppl 2:170-173. doi: 10.1111/pde.14740. Epub 2021 Aug 5. PMID: 34351009.

Khosla NN, Grullon K, Rosenblatt AE. Virtual group visits to reduce psychosocial distress and racial disparities in pediatric vitiligo and alopecia areata patients. Pediatr Dermatol. 2021 Aug 26. doi: 10.1111/pde.14782. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34448243.

Kuo A, Silverberg N, Fernandez Faith E, Morgan R, Todd P. A systematic scoping review of racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic health disparities in pediatric dermatology. Pediatr Dermatol. 2021 Nov;38 Suppl 2:6-12. doi: 10.1111/pde.14755. Epub 2021 Aug 18. PMID: 34409633.

Lin JS, Hoffman L, Bean SI, et al. Addressing Racism in Preventive Services: Methods Report to Support the US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2021;326(23):2412-2420. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.17579

Linggonegoro DW, Kempf A, Cai CR, Shobiye DM, Hahn PD, Graham D, Alfieri M, Flores XS, Alvernaz L, Esty B, Delano S, Huang JT. Disparities in attendance of virtual and in-person pediatric dermatology clinics in minority populations: a cross-sectional analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Oct 28:S0190-9622(21)02717-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.10.037. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34756936.

Marchetti MA, Adamson AS, Halpern AC. Melanoma and racial health disparities in Black individuals: facts, fallacies, and fixes. JAMA Dermatol. 2021 Sep 1;157(9):1031-1032. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2021.2215. PMID: 34287652.

McMahon DE, Semeere A, Laker-Oketta M, Byakwaga H, Mugglin C, Duda SN, Azwa I, Jaquet A, Cardoso SW, Nash D, Wester CW, Freeman EE; International Epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA). Global disparities in skin cancer services at HIV treatment centers across 29 countries. J Invest Dermatol. 2021 Oct;141(10):2533-2536.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.758. Epub 2021 Apr 14. PMID: 33864771; PMCID: PMC8464481.

Nickles MA, Tsoukas MM. Racial distribution of participants in nonmelanoma skin cancer clinical trials from 2010 to 2020. Dermatol Surg. 2021 Sep 1;47(9):1278-1281. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000003121. PMID: 34448765.

Price KN, Hsiao JL, Shi VY. Race and ethnicity gaps in global hidradenitis suppurativa clinical trials. Dermatology. 2021;237(1):97-102. doi: 10.1159/000504911. Epub 2019 Dec 20. PMID: 31865334.

Raval NS, Hodges WT, Ugwu-Dike PO, Godoy F, Ansstas G, Cornelius LA, Musiek AC, Asgari MM, Semenov YR. Racial and socioeconomic differences in acral lentiginous melanoma outcomes: a SEER analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Nov 20:S0190-9622(21)02856-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.11.023. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34813908.

Shwe S, Nguyen C, Bhutani T. Racial disparities in clinical trials of biologic treatments for psoriatic arthritis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Aug 28:S0190-9622(21)02381-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.08.038. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34464628.

US Preventive Services Task Force, Davidson KW, Mangione CM, et al. Actions to Transform US Preventive Services Task Force Methods to Mitigate Systemic Racism in Clinical Preventive ServicesJAMA. 2021;326(23):2405-2411. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.17594

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Wang LL, Adelekun A, Taylor SC, Lipoff JB. Fee-for-service and structural forces may drive racial disparities in US dermatology. Br J Dermatol. 2020 Oct;183(4):750-751. doi: 10.1111/bjd.19217. Epub 2020 Jul 5. PMID: 32406519.

Older

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Rogers AT, Semenov YR, Kwatra SG, Okoye GA. Racial disparities in the management of acne: evidence from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, 2005-2014. J Dermatolog Treat. 2018 May;29(3):287-289. doi: 10.1080/09546634.2017.1371836. Epub 2017 Sep 11. PMID: 28831837.

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Wan J, Margolis DJ, Mitra N, Hoffstad OJ, Takeshita J. Racial and Ethnic Differences in Atopic Dermatitis-Related School Absences Among US Children. JAMA Dermatol. 2019 Aug 1;155(8):973-975. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2019.0597. PMID: 31116350; PMCID: PMC6537763.

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Skin Cancer in People of Color

Fane LS, Wei AH, Tripathi R, et al. Asian American and Pacific Islander patients with melanoma have increased odds of treatment delays: a cross-sectional study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 May 22:S0190-9622(23)00969-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.05.028. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37224968.

Possik PA. Obstacles and opportunities in studying melanoma in Latin America. Nat Cancer. 2023 May 16. doi: 10.1038/s43018-023-00560-9. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37193912.

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Fane LS, Wei AH, Tripathi R, et al. Disparities between Asian groups in time to melanoma treatment: a cross-sectional study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 Apr 11:S0190-9622(23)00589-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.03.053. PMID: 37054815.

Han J, Baek P, Da Rosa JC, et al. The pursuit of equity in skin cancer prevention: a survey-based investigation of total body skin exam awareness and utilization across Fitzpatrick skin type. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2023 Apr 27;48(5):540-541. doi: 10.1093/ced/llad009. PMID: 36702794.

Lee K, Yee D, Peterson H, et al. Readability, quality, and comprehensiveness of online health resources for skin cancer in skin of color. Int J Dermatol. 2023 Apr 11. doi: 10.1111/ijd.16674. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37039526.

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Juarez MC, Criscito MC, Pulavarty A,et al. Characterizing cutaneous malignancies in patients with skin of color treated with Mohs micrographic surgery. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 Mar 23:S0190-9622(23)00503-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.03.018. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36965670.

Lin EM, Lim RK, Lin S, et al. Disparities in Asian American melanoma diagnosis and treatment from 1990-2014 — Response to Zheng et al. “Poor melanoma outcomes and survival in Asian American and Pacific Islander patients”. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 Mar 9:S0190-9622(23)00357-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.01.048. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36905958.

Martin MK, Zaman T, Okello AM, et al. Validity of a self-assessment skin tone palette compared to a colorimeter for characterizing skin color for skin cancer research. Curr Oncol. 2023 Mar 8;30(3):3189-3200. doi: 10.3390/curroncol30030241. PMID: 36975454; PMCID: PMC10047066.

Mohsin N, Martin MR, Reed DJ, et al. Differences in Merkel cell carcinoma presentation and outcomes among racial and ethnic groups. JAMA Dermatol. 2023 Mar 15:e230061. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.0061. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36920369; PMCID: PMC10018402.

Hooper MJ, Veon FL, Enriquez GL, et al. Retrospective analysis of sepsis in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma reveals significantly greater risk in Black patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 Feb;88(2):329-337. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.10.029. Epub 2022 Oct 17. PMID: 36265823; PMCID: PMC9839541.

Jicman PA, Smart H, Ayello EA, et al. Early malignant melanoma detection, especially in persons with pigmented skin. Adv Skin Wound Care. 2023 Feb 1;36(2):69-77. doi: 10.1097/01.ASW.0000911156.19843.fb. PMID: 36662039.

Oloruntoba AI, Rodrigues M. Bridging the gap in skin cancer research for Australians with skin of colour. Med J Aust. 2023 Feb 12. doi: 10.5694/mja2.51845. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36774553.

Yang K, Pan CX, Kassamali B, et al. Sun-protective behaviors and skin cancer risk factors among American Indians and Alaskan Natives in the United States. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 Feb;88(2):488-490. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.06.035. Epub 2022 Aug 16. PMID: 35981930.

Fernandez JM, Kwan KR, Mata EM, et al. Primary cutaneous melanoma in Asian Americans: a retrospective cohort analysis of 1,179 cases from the National Cancer Database. Int J Dermatol. 2022 Dec 14. doi: 10.1111/ijd.16562. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36518024.

Gangal A, Supapannachart KJ, Chen S, et al. Challenges to intersectional analyses and building capacity for skin cancer research in minority populations. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Dec 16:S0190-9622(22)03305-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.12.016. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36535533.

Hossain OB, Mieczkowska K, Srikantha R, et al. Keratinocyte carcinoma resected by Mohs micrographic surgery in individuals with skin of color: an observational study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Dec 21:S0190-9622(22)03312-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.12.022. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36565953.

Joshi TP, Lipoff JB. Skin cancer in foreign-born Americans: the importance of recognizing diversity within ethnic groups. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Dec 17:S0190-9622(22)03306-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.11.056. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36538946.

Allen PB, Goyal S, Niyogusaba T, et al. Clinical presentation and outcome differences between Black patients and patients of other races and ethnicities with mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome. JAMA Dermatol. 2022 Nov 1;158(11):1293-1299. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2022.3601. PMID: 36069854; PMCID: PMC9453633.

Fernandez JM, Dahak S, Wysong A, et al. Gender differences in black patients with melanoma: a retrospective cohort analysis of 2464 cases from the National Cancer Database. Int J Dermatol. 2022 Nov 13. doi: 10.1111/ijd.16498. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36371764.

Fernandez JM, Dahak S, Wysong A, et al. Differences between Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders with cutaneous melanoma: a retrospective cohort analysis of 1,339 cases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Oct 13:S0190-9622(22)02887-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.10.016. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36244550.

Fernandez JM, Mata EM, Behbahani S, et al. Survival of Hispanic patients with cutaneous melanoma: a retrospective cohort analysis of 6,016 cases from the National Cancer Database. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Oct 10:S0190-9622(22)02806-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.10.008. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36228946.

Soliman YS, Mieczkowska K, Zhu TR, et al. Characterizing basal cell carcinoma in Hispanic individuals undergoing Mohs micrographic surgery: a 7-year retrospective review at an academic institution in the Bronx. Br J Dermatol. 2022 Oct;187(4):597-599. doi: 10.1111/bjd.21614. Epub 2022 Jun 10. PMID: 35442518.

Di Carlo V, Stiller CA, Eisemann N, et al; CONCORD Working Group. Does the morphology of cutaneous melanoma help to explain the international differences in survival? Results from 1?578?482 adults diagnosed during 2000-2014 in 59 countries (CONCORD-3). Br J Dermatol. 2022 Sep;187(3):364-380. doi: 10.1111/bjd.21274. Epub 2022 Jul 28. PMID: 35347700.

Fernandez JM, Poling KL, Desai AD, et al. Primary cutaneous melanoma in Black patients: an analysis of 2,464 cases from the National Cancer Database 2004-2018. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2022 Sep 16. doi: 10.1111/pcmr.13065. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36112089.

Fernandez JM, Bubic BN, Dahak S, et al. Racial and ethnic differences in tumor characteristics and overall survival of women with melanoma: a national cancer database retrospective cohort study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Aug 4:S0190-9622(22)02413-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.07.036. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35933068.

Flaum-Dunoyer P, Noor SJ, Myskowski PL. Cutaneous lymphomas in African American/Black patients: pitfalls and presentations. Int J Dermatol. 2022 Aug 26. doi: 10.1111/ijd.16374. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36017957.

McDaniel K, Beer J, Boh E. Mycosis fungoides: awareness in skin of color. J Drugs Dermatol. 2022 Jul 1;21(7):790. doi: 10.36849/JDD.6963. PMID: 35816056.

McDaniel K, Beer J. Addressing disparities in melanoma recognition in skin of color. J Drugs Dermatol. 2022 Jul 1;21(7):789. doi: 10.36849/JDD.6848. PMID: 35816055.

Wang J, Lopez S, Treviño AM, et al. Evaluating awareness of skin cancer in skin of color organ transplant recipients. Arch Dermatol Res. 2022 Jul 23. doi: 10.1007/s00403-022-02371-x. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35871186.

Brunsgaard E, Jensen J, Grossman D. Melanoma in skin of color: Part II. Racial disparities, role of UV, and interventions for earlier detection. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 May 6:S0190-9622(22)00784-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.04.057. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35533770.

Brunsgaard E, Wu YP, Grossman D. Melanoma in skin of color: Part I. Epidemiology and clinical presentation. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 May 6:S0190-9622(22)00783-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.04.056. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35533771.

Manci RN, Dauscher M, Marchetti MA, et al. Features of skin cancer in Black individuals: a single-institution retrospective cohort study. Dermatol Pract Concept. 2022 Apr 1;12(2):e2022075. doi: 10.5826/dpc.1202a75. PMID: 35646436; PMCID: PMC9116536.

Adamson AS, Suarez EA, Welch HG. Estimating overdiagnosis of melanoma using trends among Black and White patients in the US. JAMA Dermatol. 2022 Apr 1;158(4):426-431. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2022.0139. PMID: 35293957; PMCID: PMC8928089.

Mosallaei D, Lee EB, Lobl M, et al. Rare cutaneous malignancies in skin of color. Dermatol Surg. 2022 Jun 1;48(6):606-612. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000003440. Epub 2022 Apr 6. PMID: 35384892.

Chen ML, de Vere Hunt IJ, John EM, et al. Differences in thickness-specific Incidence and factors associated with cutaneous melanoma in the US from 2010 to 2018. JAMA Oncol. 2022 Mar 24. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2022.0134. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35323844.

Cwalina TB, Jella TK, Tripathi R, Carroll BT. Financial stress among skin cancer patients: a cross-sectional review of the 2013-2018 National Health Interview Survey. Arch Dermatol Res. 2022 Feb 22:1–8. doi: 10.1007/s00403-022-02330-6. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35192005; PMCID: PMC8861625.

Dusendang JR, Carlson E, Lee DS, et al. Cohort and nested case-control study of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in solid organ transplant recipients, by medication. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Mar;86(3):598-606. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.07.065. Epub 2021 Aug 9. PMID: 34384835.

Meijs M, Herrera A, Acosta A, de Vries E. Burden of skin cancer in Colombia. Int J Dermatol. 2022 Feb 9. doi: 10.1111/ijd.16077. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35141880.

Abraham J, Wei G, Desai SR, Seminario-Vidal L. A cross-sectional analysis of quality-of-life in skin of color patients with cutaneous t-cell lymphoma: an exploratory study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Jan 24:S0190-9622(22)00100-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.01.022. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35085681.

Alicea GM, Rebecca VW. Un-fair skin: racial disparities in acral melanoma research. Nat Rev Cancer. 2022 Mar;22(3):127-128. doi: 10.1038/s41568-022-00443-8. PMID: 35075287.

Asadi LK, Khalili A, Wang SQ. The sociological basis of the skin cancer epidemic. Int J Dermatol. 2022 Jan 12. doi: 10.1111/ijd.15987. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35020194.

Blumenthal LY, Arzeno J, Syder N, et al. Disparities in nonmelanoma skin cancer in Hispanic/Latino patients based on Mohs micrographic surgery defect size: a multicenter retrospective study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Feb;86(2):353-358. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.08.052. Epub 2021 Oct 5. PMID: 34624413.

Niu Z, Tortolero-Luna G, Lozada C, Heckman CJ, Coups EJ. Correlates of sun protection behaviors among adults in Puerto Rico. Int J Behav Med. 2022 Feb;29(1):36-45. doi: 10.1007/s12529-021-09991-z. Epub 2021 Apr 30. PMID: 33928477.

Supapannachart KJ, Chen SC, Wang Y, Yeung H. Skin cancer risk factors and screening among Asian American individuals. JAMA Dermatol. 2022 Mar 1;158(3):260-265. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2021.5657. PMID: 35080583; PMCID: PMC8792799.

Sheinson DM, Wong WB, Meyer CS, Stergiopoulos S, Lofgren KT, Flores C, Adams DV, Fleury ME. Trends in use of next-generation sequencing in patients with solid tumors by race and ethnicity after implementation of the Medicare National Coverage Determination. JAMA Netw Open. 2021 Dec 1;4(12):e2138219. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.38219. PMID: 34882180; PMCID: PMC8662372.

Willingham ML Jr, Spencer SYPK, Lum CA, Navarro Sanchez JM, Burnett T, Shepherd J, Cassel K. The potential of using artificial intelligence to improve skin cancer diagnoses in Hawai’i’s multiethnic population. Melanoma Res. 2021 Dec 1;31(6):504-514. doi: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000779. PMID: 34744150; PMCID: PMC8580213.

Zakhem GA, Pulavarty AN, Lester JC, Stevenson ML. Skin cancer in people of color: a systematic review. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2022 Mar;23(2):137-151. doi: 10.1007/s40257-021-00662-z. Epub 2021 Dec 13. PMID: 34902111.

Martinez XU, Chowdhury A, Stiller T, Palmer J, Loscalzo M, Barrios E, Abdulla FR, Zain J, Rosen ST, Querfeld C. The impact of gender, age, race/ethnicity, and stage on quality of life in a spectrum of cutaneous lymphomas. Support Care Cancer. 2021 Nov;29(11):6669-6679. doi: 10.1007/s00520-021-06241-6. Epub 2021 May 7. PMID: 33963457.

Wen D, Khan SM, Xu AJ, Ibrahim H, Smith L, Caballero J, Zepeda L, de Blas Perez C, Denniston AK, Liu X, Matin RN. Characteristics of publicly available skin cancer image datasets: a systematic review. Lancet Digit Health. 2022 Jan;4(1):e64-e74. doi: 10.1016/S2589-7500(21)00252-1. Epub 2021 Nov 9. PMID: 34772649.

Asare EA, Swami U, Stewart JH 4th. Landmark series on disparities in surgical oncology: melanoma.Ann Surg Oncol. 2021 Nov;28(12):6986-6993. doi: 10.1245/s10434-021-10273-x. Epub 2021 Jun 30. PMID: 34191178.

Bernardes SS, Ferreira I, Elder DE, Nobre AB, Martínez-Said H, Adams DJ, Robles-Espinoza CD, Possik PA. More than just acral melanoma: the controversies of defining the disease. J Pathol Clin Res. 2021 Nov;7(6):531-541. doi: 10.1002/cjp2.233. Epub 2021 Jul 2. PMID: 34213090; PMCID: PMC8503895.

Lam M, Zhu JW, Hu A, Beecker J. Racial differences in the prognosis and survival of cutaneous melanoma from 1990 to 2020 in North America: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cutan Med Surg. 2022 Mar-Apr;26(2):181-188. doi: 10.1177/12034754211052866. Epub 2021 Oct 22. PMID: 34676795; PMCID: PMC8950707.

Parada H Jr, Vu AH, Pinheiro PS, Thompson CA. Comparing age at cancer diagnosis between Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites in the United States. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2021 Oct;30(10):1904-1912. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-21-0389. Epub 2021 Jul 28. PMID: 34321282; PMCID: PMC8492520.

Oh CC, Jin A, Koh WP. Trends of cutaneous basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma among the Chinese, Malays, and Indians in Singapore from 1968-2016. JAAD Int. 2021 Jun 30;4:39-45. doi: 10.1016/j.jdin.2021.05.006. PMID: 34409390; PMCID: PMC8361884.

Jacobsen AA, Ufkes NA, Cain N, Maisonet J, Kirsner R, Strasswimmer J. Healthy skin for everyone: long-term effectiveness of a multicomponent, community-based skin cancer intervention program for an underserved Hispanic population. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Oct;85(4):1004-1006. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.09.071. Epub 2020 Oct 1. PMID: 33010322.

Yan BY, Barilla S, Strunk A, Garg A. Survival differences in acral lentiginous melanoma according to socioeconomic status and race. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Feb;86(2):379-386. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.07.049. Epub 2021 Aug 4. PMID: 34363907.

Hadeler E, Beer J, Uppal S, Nouri K. Identifying areas for improvement in remote skin cancer management: surveillance, diagnostics, and skin of color. J Drugs Dermatol. 2021 Jul 1;20(7):792-793. doi: 10.36849/JDD.5731. PMID: 34231991.

Nickles MA, Kulkarni V, Garg SP, Patel MM, Kirchner A, Prabhu AV. Racial diversity in melanoma research from 2015 to 2020: a cross-sectional study. Int J Dermatol. 2021 Jul 2. doi: 10.1111/ijd.15763. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34212372.

Sierro TJ, Blumenthal LY, Hekmatjah J, Chat VS, Kassardjian AA, Read C, Armstrong AW. Differences in healthcare resource utilization and costs for keratinocyte carcinoma among racioethnic groups: a population-based study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Feb;86(2):373-378. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.07.005. Epub 2021 Jul 9. PMID: 34246700.

Lopes FCPS, Sleiman MG, Sebastian K, Bogucka R, Jacobs EA, Adamson AS. UV exposure and the risk of cutaneous melanoma in skin of color: A systematic review. JAMA Dermatol. 2021 Feb 1;157(2):213-219. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2020.4616. PMID: 33325988.

Cortez JL, Vasquez J, Wei ML. The impact of demographics, socioeconomics, and healthcare access on melanoma outcomes. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Jun;84(6):1677-1683. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.07.125. Epub 2020 Aug 9. PMID: 32783908.

Sanchez DP, Maymone MBC, McLean EO, Kennedy KF, Sahni D, Secemsky EA, Vashi NA. Racial and ethnic disparities in melanoma awareness: A cross-sectional survey. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020 Oct;83(4):1098-1103. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.137. Epub 2020 May 5. PMID: 32380221.

Nelson B. How dermatology is failing melanoma patients with skin of color: Unanswered questions on risk and eye-opening disparities in outcomes are weighing heavily on melanoma patients with darker skin. In this article, part 1 of a 2-part series, we explore the deadly consequences of racism and inequality in cancer care. Cancer Cytopathol. 2020 Jan;128(1):7-8. doi: 10.1002/cncy.22229. PMID: 31905269.

Tripathi R, Archibald LK, Mazmudar RS, Conic RRZ, Rothermel LD, Scott JF, Bordeaux JS. Racial differences in time to treatment for melanoma. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020 Sep;83(3):854-859. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.094. Epub 2020 Apr 8. PMID: 32277971; PMCID: PMC7141633.

Culp MB, Lunsford NB. Melanoma among non-Hispanic Black Americans. Prev Chronic Dis. 2019 Jun 20;16:E79. doi: 10.5888/pcd16.180640. PMID: 31228233; PMCID: PMC6638592.

Hogue L, Harvey VM. Basal Cell Carcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma, and Cutaneous Melanoma in Skin of Color Patients. Dermatol Clin. 2019 Oct;37(4):519-526. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2019.05.009. PMID: 31466591.

Perez MI. Skin Cancer in Hispanics in the United States. J Drugs Dermatol. 2019 Mar 1;18(3):s117-120. PMID: 30909356.

Adamson AS, Zhou L, Baggett CD, Thomas NE, Meyer AM. Association of Delays in Surgery for Melanoma With Insurance Type. JAMA Dermatol. 2017 Nov 1;153(11):1106-1113. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2017.3338. PMID: 28979974; PMCID: PMC5710439.

Mahendraraj K, Sidhu K, Lau CSM, McRoy GJ, Chamberlain RS, Smith FO. Malignant Melanoma in African-Americans: A Population-Based Clinical Outcomes Study Involving 1106 African-American Patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) Database (1988-2011). Medicine (Baltimore). 2017 Apr;96(15):e6258. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000006258. PMID: 28403068; PMCID: PMC5403065.

Dawes SM, Tsai S, Gittleman H, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Bordeaux JS. Racial disparities in melanoma survival. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016 Nov;75(5):983-991. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2016.06.006. Epub 2016 Jul 28. PMID: 27476974.

Kailas A, Solomon JA, Mostow EN, Rigel DS, Kittles R, Taylor SC. Gaps in the understanding and treatment of skin cancer in people of color. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016 May;74(5):1020-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2015.11.028. PMID: 27085237.

Wang Y, Zhao Y, Ma S. Racial differences in six major subtypes of melanoma: descriptive epidemiology. BMC Cancer. 2016 Aug 30;16(1):691. doi: 10.1186/s12885-016-2747-6. PMID: 27576582; PMCID: PMC5004333.

Bradford PT. Skin cancer in skin of color. Dermatol Nurs. 2009 Jul-Aug;21(4):170-7, 206; quiz 178. PMID: 19691228; PMCID: PMC2757062.

Rouhani P, Hu S, Kirsner RS. Melanoma in Hispanic and black Americans. Cancer Control. 2008 Jul;15(3):248-53. doi: 10.1177/107327480801500308. PMID: 18596677.

Cormier JN, Xing Y, Ding M, Lee JE, Mansfield PF, Gershenwald JE, Ross MI, Du XL. Ethnic differences among patients with cutaneous melanoma. Arch Intern Med. 2006 Sep 25;166(17):1907-14. doi: 10.1001/archinte.166.17.1907. PMID: 17000949.

Gloster HM Jr, Neal K. Skin cancer in skin of color. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006 Nov;55(5):741-60; quiz 761-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2005.08.063. PMID: 17052479.

Hu S, Soza-Vento RM, Parker DF, Kirsner RS. Comparison of stage at diagnosis of melanoma among Hispanic, black, and white patients in Miami-Dade County, Florida. Arch Dermatol. 2006 Jun;142(6):704-8. doi: 10.1001/archderm.142.6.704. PMID: 16785372.

Representation in Education & Resources

Beiter K, Garza-Mayers AC. Geomapping of pediatric dermatologists: a tool to promote diversity and equity in dermatology. Pediatr Dermatol. 2024 Jan-Feb;41(1):70-72. doi: 10.1111/pde.15487. Epub 2023 Dec 11. PMID: 38082502.

Cifelli E. Medicine is equally blind to diversity of skin colour as to body diversity. BMJ. 2024 Jan 31;384:q260. doi: 10.1136/bmj.q260. PMID: 38296340.

Mangurian C, Spector ND, Shim RS. Centering women of color to promote excellence in academic medicine. N Engl J Med. 2024 Jan 11;390(2):102-104. doi: 10.1056/NEJMp2309206. Epub 2024 Jan 6. PMID: 38198175.

2023

Bissonnette R, Jankicevic J, Saint-Cyr Proulx E, et al. Ethnicity, race and skin color: challenges and opportunities for atopic dermatitis clinical trials. J Clin Med. 2023 Jun 1;12(11):3805. doi: 10.3390/jcm12113805. PMID: 37297999; PMCID: PMC10253524.

Lamb JE, Stone AX, Davis EM, et al. Visual learning equity: a course auditing system of skin color in preclinical medical education. Fam Med. 2023 Jun;55(6):375-380. doi: 10.22454/FamMed.2023.766642. Epub 2023 Mar 13. PMID: 37307388.

Lax SJ, Roberts A, Cliffe E, et al. Public views are needed for skin colour scales. Br J Dermatol. 2023 Jun 8:ljad189. doi: 10.1093/bjd/ljad189. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37287218.

Silverberg JI, Horeczko J, Alexis A. Development of an Eczema Area and Severity Index atlas for diverse skin types. Dermatitis. 2023 Jun 6. doi: 10.1089/derm.2023.0051. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37279030.

Smith A, Fulk T, Rypka K, et al. Cross-sectional study of factors influencing specialty choice among diverse medical students pursuing careers in dermatology. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 Jun 19:S0190-9622(23)01178-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.05.091. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37343832.

Haddad J, Coulson I, Oyoo GO, et al. Cutaneous signs of rheumatic diseases in skin of colour: are we failing our patients? Rheumatology (Oxford). 2023 May 16:kead212. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead212. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37191971.

Lebhar J, Jacobs J, Rundle C, et al. Skin of color representation in laser therapy-based clinical trials. Dermatol Surg. 2023 May 15. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000003834. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37235868.

Scott K, Poondru S, Jackson KL, et al. The need for greater skin of color training: perspectives from communities of color. Arch Dermatol Res. 2023 May 11. doi: 10.1007/s00403-023-02635-0. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37166525.

Wilson BN, Shah R, Sun MD, et al. Evaluation of skin of color publication trends over the past two decades in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 May 24:S0190-9622(23)00976-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.05.036. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37236427.

Dadrass F, Bowers S, Shinkai K, et al. Diversity, equity, and inclusion in dermatology residency. Dermatol Clin. 2023 Apr;41(2):257-263. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2022.10.006. Epub 2023 Feb 1. PMID: 36933914.

Grullon K, Barbosa V. Diversity in the dermatology workforce and in academic medicine. Dermatol Clin. 2023 Apr;41(2):249-256. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2022.10.005. PMID: 36933913.

Mineroff J, Nguyen JK, Jagdeo J. Racial and ethnic underrepresentation in dermatology clinical trials. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 Apr 14:S0190-9622(23)00681-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.04.011. PMID: 37062462.

Munjal A, Ferguson N. Diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives in dermatology organizations. Dermatol Clin. 2023 Apr;41(2):359-369. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2022.10.008. Epub 2023 Feb 1. PMID: 36933926.

Okorie CL, Anderson B, Bennett R, et al. Dermatology ethics and health equity elective: a model for incorporating cultural diversity into undergraduate medical education. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2023 Apr 25:llad157. doi: 10.1093/ced/llad157. PMID: 37098177.

Portuallo ME, Lu DY, Alicea GM,et al. Diversity, equity, and inclusion in the melanoma research community. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2023 Apr 24. doi: 10.1111/pcmr.13087. PMID: 37093838.

Taylor SC. Diversity, equity, and inclusion in dermatology. Dermatol Clin. 2023 Apr;41(2):xiii-xv. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2022.12.001. PMID: 36933928.

Dodd RV, Rafi D, Stackhouse AA, et al. The impact of patient skin colour on diagnostic ability and confidence of medical students. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract. 2023 Mar 1:1–19. doi: 10.1007/s10459-022-10196-6. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36859731; PMCID: PMC9977083.

Jacobs J, Lebhar J, Diamond C, et al. Skin of color representation in clinical trials: an analysis of Clinicaltrials.gov from 2008-2022. J Drugs Dermatol. 2023 Mar 1;22(3):310-311. doi: 10.36849/JDD.7087. PMID: 36877873.

Kodumudi V, Gronbeck C, Feng H. Practice characteristics of self-identified Black dermatologists in the United States. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2023 Mar;16(3):27-29. PMID: 36950040; PMCID: PMC10027325.

Liu Y, Primiero CA, Kulkarni V, et al. Artificial intelligence for the classification of pigmented skin lesions in populations with skin of colour: a systematic review. Dermatology. 2023 Mar 21. doi: 10.1159/000530225. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36944317.

Mardiros L, Mahmood F, Colantonio S, et al. Skin of colour dermatoses self-learning module: assessing student comprehension. J Cutan Med Surg. 2023 Mar 20:12034754231163543. doi: 10.1177/12034754231163543. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36939146.

Pusey-Reid E, Quinn L, Samost ME, et al. Skin assessment in patients with dark skin tone. Am J Nurs. 2023 Mar 1;123(3):36-43. doi: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000921800.61980.7e. PMID: 36815818.

Tolaymat LM, Walker AL, Yin M,et al. Dermatology residency applicant self-reported stressors and coping mechanisms by sex, race, and geographic region during the 2020-2021 application cycle. South Med J. 2023 Mar;116(3):298-304. doi: 10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001528. PMID: 36863052; PMCID: PMC9973352.

Chichester ZA, Jewell MA, LePrevost CE,et al. The cost of diversity: an analysis of representation and cost barriers in stock photo libraries for health education materials, 2021. Health Promot Pract. 2023 Feb 1:15248399221150788. doi: 10.1177/15248399221150788. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36722257.

Donofrio G, Feng H. Skin of color representation in standardized grading scales and clinical studies in cosmetic dermatology. Dermatol Surg. 2023 Feb 1;49(2):211-214. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000003681. Epub 2022 Dec 20. PMID: 36728073.

Moss WD, King BW, Memmott S, et al. An evaluation of racial disparities in online marketing of academic plastic surgery practices. Ann Plast Surg. 2023 Feb 1;90(2):114-117. doi: 10.1097/SAP.0000000000003212. Epub 2022 Apr 20. PMID: 35502937.

Rau A, Grant-Kels JM. Ethics of treating skin of color patients with therapeutics trialed on White skin. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 Feb 6:S0190-9622(23)00167-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.01.031. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36754088.

de Vere Hunt I, Owen S, Amuzie A, et al. Qualitative exploration of melanoma awareness in black people in the USA. BMJ Open. 2023 Jan 11;13(1):e066967. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066967. PMID: 36631232; PMCID: PMC9835941.

Oh DL, Schumacher K, Yang J, et al. Disparities in cancer incidence by rurality in California. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2023 Jan 9:djac238. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djac238. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36622036.

Purswani JM, Nwankwo C, Adotama P, et al. Radiation-induced skin changes after breast or chest wall irradiation in patients with breast cancer and skin of color: a systematic review. Clin Breast Cancer. 2023 Jan;23(1):1-14. doi: 10.1016/j.clbc.2022.10.002. Epub 2022 Oct 8. PMID: 36335037.

Shope CN, Andrews LA, Neimy H, et al. Characterizing skin cancer in transplant recipients by Fitzpatrick skin phototype. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2023 Jan;13(1):147-154. doi: 10.1007/s13555-022-00858-z. Epub 2022 Dec 5. PMID: 36469283; PMCID: PMC9823165.

Siegel RL, Miller KD, Wagle NS, et al. Cancer statistics, 2023. CA Cancer J Clin. 2023 Jan;73(1):17-48. doi: 10.3322/caac.21763. PMID: 36633525.

Diamond C, Albrecht M, Rundle CW, et al. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of skin of color images in dermatologic surgery literature from 2019 – 2022. Dermatol Surg. 2023 Jan 1;49(1):110-112. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000003654. Epub 2022 Nov 28. PMID: 36533806.

Punchihewa N, Anthony O, Rodrigues M. The introduction of skin of colour dermatology into the Australian dermatology training curriculum: trainee perspectives 5 years later. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2023 Jan 3:llac125. doi: 10.1093/ced/llac125. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36680340.

2022

Alexander-Savino CV, Bowers EV. A cross-sectional analysis of Google images of mycosis fungoides: is dark skin adequately represented? Int J Dermatol. 2022 Dec 5. doi: 10.1111/ijd.16537. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36468820.

Alexis A, Peebles JK. Diversity, equity, and inclusion: the visionary future of JAAD. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Dec;87(6):1275-1276. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.11.007. Epub 2022 Nov 11. PMID: 36375716.

Beiter K, Culotta N, Hilton D. An inventory of current interventions to improve dermatologic clinical assessment in skin of color and recommendations for continued advancement. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Dec 14:S0190-9622(22)02979-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.10.051. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36528268.

McElroy-Brooklyn J, Faires Griffith C. A decline in Black and dermatology physician assistants. J Physician Assist Educ. 2022 Dec 1;33(4):275-276. doi: 10.1097/JPA.0000000000000469. Epub 2022 Nov 8. PMID: 36355607.

Dahak S, Fernandez JM, Rosman IS. Funded dermatology visiting elective rotations for medical students who are underrepresented in medicine: a cross-sectional analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Nov 14:S0190-9622(22)03007-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.11.018. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36396000.

Gao Y, Fulk T, Mori W, et al. Diversity and career goals of graduating allopathic medical students pursuing careers in dermatology. JAMA Dermatol. 2022 Nov 16. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2022.4984. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36383363.

Ji-Xu A, Artounian K, Altman EM. Dermatology education resources on sun safety and skin cancer targeted at Spanish-speaking patients: a systematic review. Arch Dermatol Res. 2022 Nov 30. doi: 10.1007/s00403-022-02465-6. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36449072.

Paradkar KA, Kaffenberger JA. Skin tone representation in dermatologist social media accounts. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2022 Nov;15(11):40-42. PMID: 36381184; PMCID: PMC9651156.

Pritchett EN, Park AJ, Vasquez R. Contextualizing the landscape of diversity, equity, and inclusion in dermatology. JAMA Dermatol. 2022 Nov 16. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2022.4974. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36383375.

Rana A, Witt A, Jones H, et al. Representation of skin colors in images of patients with lupus. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2022 Nov;74(11):1835-1841. doi: 10.1002/acr.24712. Epub 2022 Jul 30. PMID: 34057307.

Williams JC, Valladares HC, Waul MA, et al. 15-year diversity trends among dermatology resident trainees compared with other specialties. JAMA Dermatol. 2022 Nov 16. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2022.4991. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36383371.

Ahmed A, Gittens BE, Stewart SA, et al. Demographics & perceptions of diversity in dermatopathology workforce & training environments in the United States. J Cutan Pathol. 2022 Oct 29. doi: 10.1111/cup.14347. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36308409.

Enokenwa MG, Okoro UJ, Cho S, et al. Military grooming standards and Black hairstyling practices. Mil Med. 2022 Oct 17:usac313. doi: 10.1093/milmed/usac313. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36251302.

Grullon K, Hight RS, Goldberg EM, et al. Impact of considering USMLE Step 1 pass/fail on diversity in dermatology residency recruitment. Clin Dermatol. 2022 Oct 15:S0738-081X(22)00130-4. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2022.10.004. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36257479.

Mazmudar RS, Vaccarello A, Onamusi T, et al. Availability and content of diversity equity and inclusion information on dermatology residency program websites. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Oct 13:S0190-9622(22)02889-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.10.018. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36244553.

Young PA, Griffith CF, Vasquez R. Geographic distribution and workforce diversity of dermatology physician assistants. JAMA Dermatol. 2022 Oct 19. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2022.4453. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36260316.

Ahmed F, Maranga A, Lipoff JB. Under-representation of skin of color in dermatology grand rounds cases: a single-center retrospective study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Aug 9:S0190-9622(22)02437-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.08.009. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35961422.

Asabor EN, Cohen JM, Aysola J. Why increased diversity in dermatologic clinical trials Is not Inherently ethical – an evidence-based, community-engaged approach to diverse trial recruitment. JAMA Dermatol. 2022 Aug 17. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2022.3109. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35976641.

Daneshjou R, Vodrahalli K, Novoa RA, et al. Disparities in dermatology AI performance on a diverse, curated clinical image set. Sci Adv. 2022 Aug 12;8(32):eabq6147. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abq6147. Epub 2022 Aug 12. PMID: 35960806; PMCID: PMC9374341.

De La Garza H, Lipoff JB, Daneshjou R. Reducing language barriers in dermatology: a step toward equitable care. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Aug 6:S0190-9622(22)02405-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.07.049. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35944811.

Gribbin H, Lee RC, Betz-Stablein B, et al. Response to ‘The essential role of dermatology publications in enhancing professional diversity, equity and inclusion’. Br J Dermatol. 2022 Aug;187(2):276-277. doi: 10.1111/bjd.21629. Epub 2022 Jun 28. PMID: 35560024.

Hereford B, James WD. Skin of color representation in dermatology atlases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Aug 8:S0190-9622(22)02430-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.08.003. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35952831.

Hijab E, Baranowski M, MacKelfresh J, et al. A roadmap for the development of a diverse and inclusive medical student dermatologic curriculum. J Drugs Dermatol. 2022 Aug 1;21(8):908-910. doi: 10.36849/JDD.6655. PMID: 35946969.

Ilic N, Prescott A, Erolin C, et al. Representation in medical illustration: the impact of model bias in a dermatology pilot study. J Vis Commun Med. 2022 Aug 1:1-10. doi: 10.1080/17453054.2022.2086455. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35913131.

Mahmood F, Copps B, Ladha MA, et al. Representation of skin of color in Canadian postgraduate dermatology education & programs – a cross-sectional survey study. J Cutan Med Surg. 2022 Aug 9:12034754221116101. doi: 10.1177/12034754221116101. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35943026.

Nusbaum KB, Adame S, Shipp D, et al. Skin of color in dermatology: analysis of representation in dermatologic journals. Int J Dermatol. 2022 Sep;61(9):e350-e351. doi: 10.1111/ijd.15828. Epub 2021 Aug 19. PMID: 34411282.

Ohri S, Sun M, Wilson BN, et al. Evaluating skin colour representation in the Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2022 Aug 9:1-2. doi: 10.25259/IJDVL_947_2021. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35962487.

Peterknecht E, Reid E, Cheung K, et al. Improving the recognition of dermatological conditions in skin of colour amongst undergraduate and postgraduate trainees: a cross-sectional quality improvement project. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2022 Aug 13. doi: 10.1111/ced.15374. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35962623.

Sevagamoorthy A, Sockler P, Akoh C,et al. Racial and ethnic diversity of US participants in clinical trials for acne, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis: a comprehensive review. J Dermatolog Treat. 2022 Aug 31:1-12. doi: 10.1080/09546634.2022.2114783. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35980324.

Singal A, Mehta S. Eumelanin Human Skin Colour Scale: a novel concept with potential for further refinement. Br J Dermatol. 2022 Aug;187(2):e68. doi: 10.1111/bjd.21652. Epub 2022 May 28. PMID: 35633102.

Yoon JH, Aria AB, Gu H, et al. Diversity within US dermatology residency programs and opportunities to care for underserved populations: a 2020 survey study. Clin Dermatol. 2022 Aug 7:S0738-081X(22)00105-5. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2022.08.001. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35948237.

Ali Y, Min April Yu J, Kundu R. Assessment of dermatologists at skin of color clinics. J Drugs Dermatol. 2022 Jul 1;21(7):791-792. doi: 10.36849/JDD.6684. PMID: 35816061.

Collins B, Pierce P, Felver L. Clinical photography processes (ClinPhoto) study for photo diversity. J Vis Commun Med. 2022 Jul;45(3):195-204. doi: 10.1080/17453054.2022.2086453. Epub 2022 Jun 24. PMID: 35748320.

Dadzie OE, Sturm RA, Fajuyigbe D, et al. The Eumelanin Human Skin Colour Scale: a proof-of-concept study. Br J Dermatol. 2022 Jul;187(1):99-104. doi: 10.1111/bjd.21277. Epub 2022 May 8. PMID: 35349165.

Fritsche M, King T, Hollins L. Skin of color in dermatology: analysis of content and engagement on TikTok. J Drugs Dermatol. 2022 Jul 1;21(7):718-722. doi: 10.36849/JDD.6784. PMID: 35816063.

Gupta R, Roy C, Doan H. Assessing participant diversity in acne clinical trials. J Drugs Dermatol. 2022 Jul 1;21(7):797-798. doi: 10.36849/JDD.6585. PMID: 35816058.

Shah S, Arbuiso S, Gorgy M, et al. Assessment of diversity in skin color in dermatologymedical education resources. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2022 Jul 7. doi: 10.1111/ced.15328. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35796631.

Temiz L, Grush A, Roberson L, et al. Skin tone representation in dermatology textbooks: approximating the gap. J Drugs Dermatol. 2022 Jul 1;21(7):795-796. doi: 10.36849/JDD.6873. PMID: 35816065.

Beer J, Heningburg J, Downie J, et al. Diversity in academic dermatology. J Drugs Dermatol. 2022 Jun 1;21(6):674-676. doi: 10.36849/JDD.6899. PMID: 35674750.

Erickson HL, Cerjanic AM, Adamson M, et al. The use of race, ethnicity, and region associations in a USMLE Step 1 resource. Teach Learn Med. 2022 Jun 6:1-9. doi: 10.1080/10401334.2022.2082434. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35668558.

Frech FS, Ghanian S, Hernandez L, et al. Trends in matching into Mohs Micrographic Surgery fellowship among underrepresented minority applicants from 2016 to 2020: a retrospective review study. Arch Dermatol Res. 2022 Jun 25. doi: 10.1007/s00403-022-02367-7. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35751662.

Gallo Marin B, Oliva R, Zheng DX, et al. Strategies for augmenting the Spanish-speaking dermatology workforce of the United States. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Jun 10:S0190-9622(22)00971-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.05.061. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35697173.

Ghanian S, Frech FS, Dreyfuss I, et al. Trends in racial diversity of dermatology residency applicants from 2016 to 2020: a retrospective review study. Arch Dermatol Res. 2022 Jun 25. doi: 10.1007/s00403-022-02366-8. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35751663.

Perng P, Greer KE. An ode to Kodachrome: the color film that transformed dermatologic medical education. JAMA Dermatol. 2022 Aug 1;158(8):928-932. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2022.2104. PMID: 35704331.

Babool S, Bhai SF, Sanderson C, et al. Racial disparities in skin tone representation of dermatomyositis rashes: a systematic review. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2022 May 30;61(6):2255-2261. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab809. PMID: 34718435.

Kassamali B, Lee MS, Linggonegoro D, Said JT, Burgin S, Vleugels RA, Nambudiri VE. Increasing skin of color representation in a medical school dermatology course through student and faculty engagement: The DIIVERS initiative. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 May 20:S0190-9622(22)00823-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.05.028. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35605786.

Abduelmula A, Akuffo-Addo E, Joseph M. The progression of skin color diversity and representation in dermatology textbooks. J Cutan Med Surg. 2022 Sep-Oct;26(5):523-525. doi: 10.1177/12034754221099668. Epub 2022 May 11. PMID: 35544370.

Chang MJ, Ricardo JW, Lipner SR. Prioritization of race and ethnicity reporting and recruitment of diverse participants. Int J Dermatol. 2022 May 11. doi: 10.1111/ijd.16253. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35543242.

Mullen BL, Gorman BG, Soares AA, et al. Equal representation of low and high Fitzpatrick skin type images in a supplemental curriculum does not improve overall high Fitzpatrick diagnostic accuracy. A prospective study. Int J Dermatol. 2022 May 7. doi: 10.1111/ijd.16211. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35524501.

Williams R, Ciocon D. Mohs micrographic surgery in skin of color. J Drugs Dermatol. 2022 May 1;21(5):536-541. doi: 10.36849/JDD.6469. PMID: 35533042.

Esmat SM, El-Mofty M, Rasheed H, et al. Efficacy of narrow band UVB with or without OMP in stabilization of vitiligo activity in skin photo-types (III-V): a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, prospective, multicenter study. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2022 May;38(3):277-287. doi: 10.1111/phpp.12749. Epub 2021 Nov 18. PMID: 34726808.

Krueger L, Aguh C, Peterson E, et al. Curl pattern classification: a potential tool for communication and risk stratification. Int J Womens Dermatol. 2022 Apr 5;8(2):e015. doi: 10.1097/JW9.0000000000000015. PMID: 35619674; PMCID: PMC9112386.

Akintilo L, Pulavarty A, Onwudiwe O, et al. Skin of color representation in cosmetic clinical trials: a literature review. Lasers Surg Med. 2022 Aug;54(6):819-822. doi: 10.1002/lsm.23546. Epub 2022 Apr 4. PMID: 35373845.

Ji-Xu A, Artounian K, Moezinia CJ. Absence of skin of colour images in online dermatology atlases and open-access datasets. Med Teach. 2022 Apr 27:1. doi: 10.1080/0142159X.2022.2067744. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35477410.

Jia JL, Gordon JS, Lester JC, et al. Integrating skin of color and sexual and gender minority content into dermatology residency curricula: a prospective program initiative. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 May;86(5):1119-1120. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.04.018. Epub 2021 Apr 16. PMID: 33872717.

Kang BY, Ibrahim SA, Shokeen D, et al. Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation: protocol for development of a core outcome set for clinical trials. Arch Dermatol Res. 2022 May;314(4):357-361. doi: 10.1007/s00403-021-02239-6. Epub 2021 May 21. PMID: 34019133.

Shango KH, Abdole FA, Gonzalez SM, et al. Medical student confidence in diagnosis of dermatologic diseases in skin of color. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2022 Apr 23;15:745-750. doi: 10.2147/CCID.S357743. PMID: 35497688; PMCID: PMC9045593.

Syder NC, McKenzie S, Omar D, Brown-Korsah JB, Taylor SC, Elbuluk N. Gaps in medical education curricula on skin of color in medical school, residency, and beyond. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Apr 4:S0190-9622(22)00545-X. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.03.053. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35390429.

Wilson B, Sun M, Chennareddy S, et al. An analysis of skin of color publications in the Journal of Drugs in Dermatology from 2018 to 2020. J Drugs Dermatol. 2022 Apr 1;21(4):441-442. doi: 10.36849/JDD.6286. PMID: 35389580.

Akoh CC, Shankar S, Strachan DD, Latkowski JM. Diversifying the dermatology workforce: physician characteristics vary by race/ethnicity. J Natl Med Assoc. 2022 Aug;114(4):369-376. doi: 10.1016/j.jnma.2022.02.011. Epub 2022 Mar 23. Erratum in: J Natl Med Assoc. 2022 Jun;114(3):346-347. PMID: 35337662.

Amuzie AU, Jia JL, Taylor SC, Lester JC. Skin-of-color article representation in dermatology literature 2009-2019: higher citation counts and opportunities for inclusion. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Apr;86(4):932-933. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.03.063. Epub 2021 Mar 24. PMID: 33771597.

Buonsenso D, Liu JF, Shanmugavadivel D, Davis T, Roland D. Impact of diversity in training resources on self-confidence in diagnosing skin conditions across a range of skin tones: an international survey. Front Pediatr. 2022 Feb 25;10:837552. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.837552. PMID: 35281251; PMCID: PMC8916608.

Errichetti E, Ankad BS, Jha AK, et al. International Dermoscopy Society criteria for non-neoplastic dermatoses (general dermatology): validation for skin of color through a Delphi expert consensus. Int J Dermatol. 2022 Apr;61(4):461-471. doi: 10.1111/ijd.15729. Epub 2021 Jul 2. PMID: 34216025.

Harp T, Militello M, McCarver V, et al. Further analysis of skin of color representation in dermatology textbooks used by residents. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Jul;87(1):e39-e41. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.02.069. Epub 2022 Mar 23. PMID: 35339587.

Islam N, Korman AM. Cross-sectional evaluation of Spanish-language resources on websites of US dermatology organizations. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Mar 1:S0190-9622(22)00359-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.02.045. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35245566.

Kluger N, Salava A. Paucity of skin of colour in Finnish textbooks. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2022 Aug;36(8):e634-e636. doi: 10.1111/jdv.18092. Epub 2022 Mar 28. PMID: 35305046.

Okeke CAV, Khanna R, Okoye GA, Byrd AS. Assessment of the generalizability of hidradenitis suppurativa microbiome studies: the minimal inclusion of racial and ethnic populations. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Apr;86(4):e159-e161. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.10.042. Epub 2021 Oct 29. PMID: 34757150.

Onyekaba G, Taiwò Née Ademide Adelekun D, Lipoff JB. Skin of color representation in dermatology must be intentionally rectified. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Jul;87(1):e43-e44. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.03.032. Epub 2022 Mar 23. PMID: 35339590.

Pan CX, Nambudiri VE. International medical graduate dermatologists in rural and medically underserved areas: a national cross-sectional analysis. Arch Dermatol Res. 2022 Feb 24. doi: 10.1007/s00403-022-02332-4. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35212769.

Pan CX, Yang K, Nambudiri VE. Assessment of the representation of black, indigenous, and people of color in dermatology clinical practice guidelines. Br J Dermatol. 2022 Sep;187(3):443-445. doi: 10.1111/bjd.21273. Epub 2022 Jun 7. PMID: 35349171.

Rambhia PH, Yan BY, Barilla S, Sharon VR. Racial and ethnic diversity in clinical trials of laser treatments for scars. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Mar 5:S0190-9622(22)00370-X. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.02.055. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35259452.

Rehman R, Azam M, Osto M, et al. Gender and ethnic representation of incoming dermatopathology fellows: a 10-year analysis. Am J Dermatopathol. 2022 Mar 1;44(3):234-235. doi: 10.1097/DAD.0000000000002129. PMID: 34999599.

Falotico JM, Lipner SR. Few skin of color images in Google image searches of nail conditions. Int J Dermatol. 2022 Feb 4. doi: 10.1111/ijd.16121. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35119690.

Gronbeck C, Feng PW, Feng H. Assessment of dermatologist-patient race and ethnicity concordance in the Medicare population. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Mar;86(3):651-653. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.02.022. Epub 2021 Feb 16. PMID: 33600913.

Kamal K, Imadojemu S, Charrow A. Why diversity in dermatology clinical trials should no longer be optional: dismantling structural racism in dermatology. JAMA Dermatol. 2022 Apr 1;158(4):353-354. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2021.5190. PMID: 35195659.

Mahmood MN. Diversity in dermatology: international medical graduates and their role in the diversity of a specialty. Clin Dermatol. 2022 Feb 16:S0738-081X(22)00029-3. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2022.02.014. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35182709.

Rice X, Uzoma B, Hoyer P. Addressing diversity in dermatology: implementation of formalized-allyship. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Feb 23:S0190-9622(22)00346-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.12.069. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35218857.

Wu AG, Lipner SR. Multipronged initiatives for addressing disparities in representation in dermatology. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Feb 23:S0190-9622(22)00347-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.02.034. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35218855.

Chang MJ, Lipner SR. Altmetric analysis of skin of color articles: a cross-sectional study. J Cutan Med Surg. 2022 Jan-Feb;26(1):31-32. doi: 10.1177/12034754211045387. Epub 2021 Sep 20. PMID: 34543140.

Jagun O, Banerjee P, Thompson D, Taylor M. The Skin of Colour Training Day UK: training the medical workforce in ethnic dermatology. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2022 Feb;47(2):245-246. doi: 10.1111/ced.14800. Epub 2021 Jul 6. PMID: 34115898.

Lui H, Ahad T, Kalia S. The use and misuse of Fitzpatrick’s skin types. J Cutan Med Surg. 2022 Jan-Feb;26(1):15-16. doi: 10.1177/12034754211061074. PMID: 34996327.

Okeke CAV, Perry JD, Simmonds FC, Erskine Ab, et al. Clinical trials and skin of color: the example of hidradenitis suppurativa. Dermatology. 2022;238(1):180-184. doi: 10.1159/000516467. Epub 2021 Jun 9. PMID: 34107480.

Onasanya J, Liu C. Dermatology education in skin of colour: where we are and where do we go? Can Med Educ J. 2021 Dec 29;12(6):124-125. doi: 10.36834/cmej.73112. PMID: 35003445; PMCID: PMC8740263.

Slaught C, Madu P, Chang AY, Williams VL, Kebaetse MB, Nkomazana O, Molefe-Baikai OJ, Bekele NA, Omech B, Kellman PJ, Krasne S, Kovarik CL. Novel education modules addressing the underrepresentation of skin of color in dermatology training. J Cutan Med Surg. 2022 Jan-Feb;26(1):17-24. doi: 10.1177/12034754211035093. Epub 2021 Aug 2. PMID: 34340596; PMCID: PMC8742749.

Sun M, Wilson BN, Zhou RZ, Murrell DF, Murase JE. Evaluation of skin of color content in Skin Research and Technology. Skin Res Technol. 2022 Mar;28(2):355-356. doi: 10.1111/srt.13105. Epub 2022 Jan 19. PMID: 35048425.

Wilson BN, Sun M, Shah R, Murrell DF, Murase JE. Purposeful inclusion of skin of colour in published literature for improved dermatology education: a call to action. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2022 Feb;47(2):409-410. doi: 10.1111/ced.14821. Epub 2021 Aug 10. PMID: 34189766.

2021

Falotico JM, Lipner SR. Lack of skin of color images of nail conditions in dermatology textbooks. Int J Dermatol. 2021 Dec 5. doi: 10.1111/ijd.16028. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34865217.

Yousuf Y, Yu JC. Improving representation of skin of color in a medical school preclerkship dermatology curriculum. Med Sci Educ. 2021 Nov 30;32(1):27-30. doi: 10.1007/s40670-021-01473-x. PMID: 34868730; PMCID: PMC8631695.

Babool S, Bhai SF, Sanderson C, Salter A, Christopher-Stine L. Racial disparities in skin tone representation of dermatomyositis rashes: a systematic review. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2021 Oct 29:keab809. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab809. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34718435.

Bae C, Cheng M, Kraus CN, Desai S. Representation of skin of color in rheumatology educational resources. J Rheumatol. 2022 Apr;49(4):419-423. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.210626. Epub 2021 Nov 1. PMID: 34725180.

Daneshjou R, Smith MP, Sun MD, Rotemberg V, Zou J. Lack of transparency and potential bias in artificial intelligence data sets and algorithms: a scoping review. JAMA Dermatol. 2021 Nov 1;157(11):1362-1369. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2021.3129. PMID: 34550305.

Ibraheim MK, Gupta R, Dao H, Patel A, Koshelev M. Evaluating skin of color education in dermatology residency programs: data from a national survey. Clin Dermatol. 2021 Nov 24:S0738-081X(21)00257-1. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2021.11.015. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34838657.

Lee MS, Linggonegoro DW, Huang JT, Nambudiri VE. Expanding the palette of pediatric playthings: a call to action for pediatric dermatologists. Pediatr Dermatol. 2021 Nov;38(6):1601-1603. doi: 10.1111/pde.14848. Epub 2021 Nov 1. PMID: 34725858.

Patel S, Watchmaker JD, Dover JS. Darker skin types are under-represented in sunscreen clinical trials: results of a literature review. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Nov 15:S0190-9622(21)02827-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.11.009. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34793928.

Kamath P, Sundaram N, Morillo-Hernandez C, Barry F, James AJ. Visual racism in internet searches and dermatology textbooks. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Nov;85(5):1348-1349. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.10.072. Epub 2020 Oct 29. PMID: 33130182.

Kim YH, Kobic A, Vidal NY. Distribution of race and Fitzpatrick skin types in datasets for deep learning in dermatology: a systematic review. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Aug;87(2):460-461. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.10.010. Epub 2021 Oct 20. PMID: 34678235.

Ding J, Haq AF, Joseph M, Khosa F. Disparities in pediatric clinical trials for acne vulgaris: a cross-sectional study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Oct 19:S0190-9622(21)02654-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.10.013. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34678233.

Lopez S, Lourido JO, Lim HW, Ferguson NN, Pandya AG, Vasquez R. The call to action to increase racial and ethnic diversity in dermatology: a retrospective, cross-sectional study to monitor progress. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Mar;86(3):e121-e123. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.10.011. Epub 2021 Oct 20. PMID: 34678231.

Mosca M, Hong J, Hadeler E, Hakimi M, Brownstone N, Bhutani T, Liao W. A cross-sectional study of ethnoracial representation in pediatric plaque psoriasis clinical trials. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Feb;86(2):442-444. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.09.060. Epub 2021 Oct 5. PMID: 34624415.

Elyas A, Dalgard F, Svensson Å. Dermatology textbooks in Scandinavia should prepare medical students for ethnic diversity. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021 Oct;35(10):e697-e698. doi: 10.1111/jdv.17418. Epub 2021 Jun 13. PMID: 34051013.

Gregersen DM, Elsner P. Ethnic diversity in German dermatology textbooks: Does it exist and is it important? A mini review. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2021 Nov;19(11):1582-1589. doi: 10.1111/ddg.14543. Epub 2021 Sep 29. PMID: 34585822.

Burgin S, Dlova NC, Ingram JR, Parish LC, Goldsmith LA. The essential role of dermatology publications in enhancing professional diversity, equity and inclusion. Br J Dermatol. 2021;185(3):473-474. doi:10.1111/bjd.20473

Kannuthurai V, Murray J, Chen L, Baker EA, Zickuhr L. Health care practitioners’ confidence assessing lupus-related rashes in patients of color. Lupus. 2021 Oct;30(12):1998-2002. doi: 10.1177/09612033211045284. Epub 2021 Sep 16. PMID: 34528847.

Shanmugavadivel D, Buonsenso D, Chantiluke K, Arora M. Importance and impact of diversity in paediatric medical education. Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed. 2021 Sep 6:edpract-2020-320796. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2020-320796. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34489326.

Colon A, Rubio XB, Gillihan R, Montañez-Wiscovich M, Motaparthi K. Diversity in dermatology: dermatology resident exposure to skin of color. J Drugs Dermatol. 2021 Sep 1;20(9):1005-1007. doi: 10.36849/jdd.6029. PMID: 34491019.

Alvarado SM, Flessland P, Grant-Kels JM, McFarlane M, Feng H. Practical strategies for improving clinical photography of dark skin. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Jan;86(1):e21-e23. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.09.001. Epub 2021 Sep 14. PMID: 34530065.

Alvarado SM, Grant-Kels JM, Elston D, Feng H. Diversity and dermatology journals. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Dec;85(6):1407-1408. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.08.062. Epub 2021 Sep 14. PMID: 34530067.

Oh Y, Markova A, Noor SJ, Rotemberg V. Standardized clinical photography considerations in patients across skin tones. Br J Dermatol. 2022 Feb;186(2):352-354. doi: 10.1111/bjd.20766. Epub 2021 Nov 2. PMID: 34564851.

Akhtar S, Chen V, Benjamin L, Mayoral F. Photodocumentation in skin of color. Pediatr Dermatol. 021 Nov;38 Suppl 2:86-89. doi: 10.1111/pde.14788. Epub 2021 Aug 31. PMID: 34463371.

Okoji UK, Lipoff JB. Demographics of US dermatology residents interested in skin of color: an analysis of website profiles. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Sep;85(3):786-788. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.09.092. Epub 2020 Oct 8. PMID: 33039484.

Militello M, Szeto MD, Presley CL, Pulsipher KJ, Rundle CW, Ward KH, Hoover E, Dellavalle RP. A quantitative analysis of research publications focused on skin of color: representation in academic dermatology journals. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Sep;85(3):e189-e192. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.04.053. Epub 2021 Apr 24. PMID: 33905787.

Lolic M, Araojo R, Okeke M, Temple R. U.S. racial and ethnic participation in global clinical trials by therapeutic areas. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2021 Dec;46(6):1576-1581. doi: 10.1111/jcpt.13532. Epub 2021 Sep 20. PMID: 34544200.

Chang MJ, Lipner SR. Altmetric analysis of skin of color articles: a cross-sectional study. J Cutan Med Surg. 2022 Jan-Feb;26(1):31-32. doi: 10.1177/12034754211045387. Epub 2021 Sep 20. PMID: 34543140.

Ogbalidet S, Finstad A, Boshra M, Mahmood F, Lanoe V, Mardiros L, Arroyo I, Bahubeshi A, Colantonio S. Survey of skin of colour dermatology teaching in medical schools across Canada. J Cutan Med Surg. 2022 May-Jun;26(3):315-316. doi: 10.1177/12034754211045377. Epub 2021 Sep 9. PMID: 34496643.

Silverberg NB, Jacob S, Heath C, Gonzalez M, Yu J, Luu M, Benjamin L, Kenner-Bell B, Oboite M, Castelo-Soccio L, Stein SL. Training in pediatric skin of color: suggested curricular guidelines of the pediatric dermatology research alliance special interest group in pediatric skin of color. Pediatr Dermatol. 2021 Nov;38 Suppl 2:90-95. doi: 10.1111/pde.14754. Epub 2021 Aug 21. PMID: 34418155.

Hereford B, Kim Y, Zaenglein AL, Hollins LC. Photographic representation of skin tones in three dermatology journals. Pediatr Dermatol. 2021 Nov;38 Suppl 2:146-148. doi: 10.1111/pde.14766. Epub 2021 Aug 21. PMID: 34418149.

Zhou AG, Hafler J, Tomayko MM. Modifying a comprehensive preclinical dermatology curriculum to better teach dermatology in skin of all colors: Response to “Improving cultural competency and practicing cultural humility in dermatologic training: Skin of color education and board certifi J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Dec;85(6):e403-e405. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.06.898. Epub 2021 Aug 8. PMID: 34375668.

Barve A, Shah M, Sheth P. Skin of color images in pediatric dermatology textbooks. Pediatr Dermatol. 2021 Nov;38 Suppl 2:144-145. doi: 10.1111/pde.14760. Epub 2021 Aug 16. PMID: 34402099.

Nusbaum KB, Adame S, Shipp D, Trinidad JC. Skin of color in dermatology: analysis of representation in dermatologic journals. Int J Dermatol. 2021 Aug 19. doi: 10.1111/ijd.15828. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34411282.

Costello CM, Harvey JA, Besch-Stokes JG, Bhullar P, Lim ES, Kunze KL, Tollefson MM, Tolaymat LM, Ochoa SA. The role of race and ethnicity in the dermatology applicant match process. J Natl Med Assoc. 2022 Jan;113(6):666-670. doi: 10.1016/j.jnma.2021.07.005. Epub 2021 Aug 2. PMID: 34353623.

Ha MV, Mazmudar RS, Carroll BT. Internet searches for Black dermatologists during the social justice movement of 2020. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Jul 19:S0190-9622(21)02147-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.07.019. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34293389.

Guo LN, Lee MS, Kassamali B, Mita C, Nambudiri VE. Bias in, bias out: underreporting and underrepresentation of diverse skin types in machine learning research for skin cancer detection – a scoping review. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Jul 10:S0190-9622(21)02086-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.06.884. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34252465.

Mhlaba JM, Pontes DS, Patterson SS, Kundu RV. Evaluation of a skin of color curriculum for dermatology residents. J Drugs Dermatol. 2021 Jul 1;20(7):786-789. doi: 10.36849/JDD.6193. PMID: 34232004.

Guda VA, Paek SY. Skin of color representation in commonly utilized medical student dermatology resources. J Drugs Dermatol. 2021 Jul 1;20(7):799. doi: 10.36849/JDD.5726. PMID: 34231988.

Mamo A, Szeto MD, Rietcheck H, Yu S, Burrows K, Olayinka JT, Anand P, Dellavalle RP, Dunnick CA. Evaluating medical student assessment of common dermatologic conditions across Fitzpatrick phototypes and skin of color. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Jul 1:S0190-9622(21)02015-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.06.868. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34217806.

Ferguson JE, Vetos D, Ho BV, Aziz M, Lee WM, Mohyuddin GR, Prouty M. Trends in diversity of participants in dermatology clinical trials over time: a systematic review. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Jun;86(6):1403-1405. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.05.052. Epub 2021 Jun 6. PMID: 34090958.

Yu Z, Jia JL, Veerabagu SA, Burkemper NM, Friedman AJ, Rosmarin D, Huang JT, Murina AT, Nord KM. Supporting underrepresented in medicine (UIM) and non-UIM trainees applying into dermatology: a qualitative analysis. J Drugs Dermatol. 2021 Jul 1;20(7):795-797. doi: 10.36849/JDD.6043. PMID: 34231995.

Bellicoso E, Quick SO, Ayoo KO, Beach RA, Joseph M, Dahlke E. Diversity in dermatology? An assessment of undergraduate medical education. J Cutan Med Surg. 2021 Jul-Aug;25(4):409-417. doi: 10.1177/12034754211007430. Epub 2021 Apr 13. PMID: 33849302.

Amuzie AU, Jia JL, Taylor SC, Lester JC. Skin of color article representation in dermatology literature 2009-2019: Higher citation counts and opportunities for inclusion. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Mar 23:S0190-9622(21)00617-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.03.063. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33771597.

Kurtti A, Austin E, Jagdeo J. Representation of skin color in dermatology-related Google image searches. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Mar;86(3):705-708. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.03.036. Epub 2021 Mar 17. PMID: 33744357.

Kaundinya T, Kundu RV. Improving cultural competency and practicing cultural humility in dermatologic training: Skin of color education and board certification. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Jul;85(1):e53-e54. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.03.060. Epub 2021 Mar 23. PMID: 33771598.

Perlman KL, Williams NM, Egbeto IA, Gao DX, Siddiquee N, Park JH. Skin of color lacks representation in medical student resources: A cross-sectional study. Int J Womens Dermatol. 2021 Jan 8;7(2):195-196. doi: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2020.12.018. PMID: 33937492; PMCID: PMC8072497.

Wu AG, Lipner SR. National trends in gender and ethnicity in dermatology training: 2006 to 2018. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Jan 28:S0190-9622(21)00236-X. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.01.077. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33515628.

Adelekun A, Onyekaba G, Lipoff JB. Skin color in dermatology textbooks: An updated evaluation and analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Jan;84(1):194-196. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.084. Epub 2020 Apr 23. PMID: 32335181.

Alvarado SM, Feng H. Representation of dark skin images of common dermatologic conditions in educational resources: a cross-sectional analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 May;84(5):1427-1431. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.06.041. Epub 2020 Jun 18. PMID: 32565205.

Older

Chang MJ, Lipner SR. Analysis of skin color on the American Academy of Dermatology public education website. J Drugs Dermatol. 2020 Dec 1;19(12):1236-1237. doi: 10.36849/JDD.2020.5545. PMID: 33346528.

Reilley-Luther J, Cline A, Zimmerly A, Azinge S, Moy J. Representation of Fitzpatrick skin type in dermatology textbooks compared with national percentiles. Dermatol Online J. 2020 Dec 15;26(12):13030/qt91h8k9zc. PMID: 33423414.

Wells TM, Rundle CW, Szeto MD, Presley C, Dellavalle RP. An analysis of skin of color dermatology related content on Instagram. J Drugs Dermatol. 2020 Jul 1;19(7):746-754. doi: 10.36849/JDD.2020.5142. PMID: 32722911.

Cline A, Winter RP, Kourosh S, Taylor SC, Stout M, Callender V, McMichael AJ. Multiethnic training in residency: A survey of dermatology residents. Cutis. 2020 Jun;105(6):310-313. PMID: 32716988.

Lester JC, Jia JL, Zhang L, Okoye GA, Linos E. Absence of images of skin of colour in publications of COVID-19 skin manifestations. Br J Dermatol. 2020 Sep;183(3):593-595. doi: 10.1111/bjd.19258. Epub 2020 Jul 16. PMID: 32471009; PMCID: PMC7301030.

Xierali IM, Nivet MA, Pandya AG. US dermatology department faculty diversity trends by sex and underrepresented-in-medicine status, 1970 to 2018. JAMA Dermatol. 2020 Mar 1;156(3):280-287. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2019.4297. PMID: 31913403; PMCID: PMC6990830.

Lester JC, Taylor SC, Chren MM. Under-representation of skin of colour in dermatology images: not just an educational issue. Br J Dermatol. 2019 Jun;180(6):1521-1522. doi: 10.1111/bjd.17608. PMID: 31157429.

Soliman YS, Rzepecki AK, Guzman AK, Williams RF, Cohen SR, Ciocon D, Halverstam C. Understanding Perceived Barriers of Minority Medical Students Pursuing a Career in Dermatology. JAMA Dermatol. 2019 Feb 1;155(2):252-254. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2018.4813. PMID: 30624570; PMCID: PMC6439537.

Louie P, Wilkes R. Representations of race and skin tone in medical textbook imagery. Soc Sci Med. 2018 Apr;202:38-42. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.02.023. Epub 2018 Feb 23. PMID: 29501717.

Van Voorhees AS, Enos CW. Diversity in Dermatology Residency Programs. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc. 2017 Oct;18(2):S46-S49. doi: 10.1016/j.jisp.2017.07.001. PMID: 28941493.

Ebede T, Papier A. Disparities in dermatology educational resources. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006 Oct;55(4):687-90. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10.068. PMID: 17010750.

Skin of Color Dermatology

Douglas A, Brockmeyer K, Iwuala C, et al. Knowledge gaps in hairstyling practices and hair loss within the African American community. Arch Dermatol Res. 2024 Jan 10;316(2):68. doi: 10.1007/s00403-023-02808-x. PMID: 38197981.

El-Banna G, Rezaei SJ, Chang M, et al. Perceptions of US-based Muslim patients of their dermatology care. JAMA Dermatol. 2024 Jan 1;160(1):45-53. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.4439. PMID: 37966806; PMCID: PMC10652213.

Kohli I, Ceresnie MS, Teklehaimanot F, et al. Objective assessment of color match for a universal tinted sunscreen on individuals with skin of color: a pilot study. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2024 Jan;40(1):e12941. doi: 10.1111/phpp.12941. PMID: 38288774.

Rice X, Omar D, Goodwin BP, et al. Barber knowledge and recommendations for pseudofolliculitis barbae. JAMA Dermatol. 2024 Jan 1;160(1):111-113. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.4913. PMID: 38055241; PMCID: PMC10701658.

Shareef SJ, Jackson S, Lane BN, et al. Photoprotective measures among adolescents stratified by region: an analysis utilizing the National College Health Assessment. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2024 Jan;40(1):e12934. doi: 10.1111/phpp.12934. Epub 2023 Nov 28. PMID: 38017654.

Swenson A, Paulus JK, Jung Y, et al. Natural history of keloids: a sociodemographic analysis using structured and unstructured data. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2024 Jan;14(1):131-149. doi: 10.1007/s13555-023-01070-3. Epub 2023 Dec 8. PMID: 38066233; PMCID: PMC10828254.

Waidley M, Taylor N, Shever-Doletzky LL. Detecting early-stage pressure injury in patients with dark skin tones using an enhanced physical assessment technique and halogen lighting. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2024 Jan-Feb 01;51(1):26-31. doi: 10.1097/WON.0000000000001048. PMID: 38215295.

2023

Andrade LF, Mashoudy KD, Morrison B, et al. Monodactylous longitudinal melanonychia in pediatric skin of color: a case series and review. Skin Appendage Disord. 2023 Jun;9(3):224-229. doi: 10.1159/000529361. Epub 2023 Mar 22. PMID: 37325283; PMCID: PMC10264910.

Erickson T, Daftary K, Quan VL, et al. Capturing the diversity of dermatology – what’s in a name? Am J Clin Dermatol. 2023 Jun 16. doi: 10.1007/s40257-023-00800-9. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37328613.

Ho JD, Collie CJ, Spencer SA. Histopathologic spectrum of alopecias seen in a Jamaican setting. Am J Dermatopathol. 2023 Jun 28. doi: 10.1097/DAD.0000000000002487. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37377278.

Kundu RV, Aderibigbe O, Riley JM. Managing facial hyperpigmentation. JAMA Dermatol. 2023 Jun 7. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.1414. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37285123.

Quan VL, Erickson T, Daftary K, et al. Atopic dermatitis across shades of skin. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2023 Jun 19. doi: 10.1007/s40257-023-00797-1. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37336869.

Cobb CBC, Heath CR, Byrd AS, et al. The Skin of Color Society’s Meeting the Challenge Summit, 2022: Diversity in Dermatology Clinical Trials Proceedings. JAMA Dermatol. 2023 May 24. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.1285. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37223905.

Kus MM, Mulayim MK, Kus C, et al. Dermatoses in overweight and obese children and their relationship with insulin and skin color. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2023 May 2. doi: 10.1111/jocd.15773. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37128833.

Limmer EE, Knowles A, Deng J, et al. Atopic dermatitis is associated with an increased risk of keloids: a case-control study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 May;88(5):1177-1179. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.12.013. Epub 2022 Dec 15. PMID: 36529374; PMCID: PMC10121727.

Onamusi T, Larrondo J, McMichael AJ. Clinical factors and hair care practices influencing outcomes in central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia. Arch Dermatol Res. 2023 May 15. doi: 10.1007/s00403-023-02630-5. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37188887.

Scott K, Poondru S, Jackson KL, et al. Patient views on race concordance and cultural mindfulness in dermatology: a cross-sectional study among people of color in the United States. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 May 22:S0190-9622(23)00921-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.05.034. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37224967.

Vroom IR, Hulshof MA, Schelhaas W, et al. Differences and similarities in teledermatological primary care case histories between people with skin of color and White skin. Br J Dermatol. 2023 May 20:ljad164. doi: 10.1093/bjd/ljad164. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37210217.

Williams KA, Wondimu B, Ajayi AM, et al. Skin of color in dermatopathology: does color matter? Hum Pathol. 2023 May 3:S0046-8177(23)00098-9. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2023.04.012. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37146946.

Ahmed F, Moseley I, Ragi SD, et al. Vitiligo in underrepresented communities: an All of Us database analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 Apr;88(4):945-948. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.11.027. Epub 2022 Nov 19. PMID: 36414097.

Ankad BS, Errichetti E, Lallas A, et al. Dermoscopy of Hailey-Hailey disease in dark skin: a multicentric observational controlled study by the International Dermoscopy Society Task Force on “Imaging in Skin of Color”. Int J Dermatol. 2023 Apr 14. doi: 10.1111/ijd.16689. PMID: 37057614.

Balazic E, Hawkins K, Choi J, et al. Traction alopecia: assessing the presentation, management and outcomes in a diverse urban population. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2023 Apr 25:llad154. doi: 10.1093/ced/llad154. PMID: 37098178.

Choi SH, Beer J, Bourgeois J, et al. Pityriasis alba in pediatric patients with skin of color. J Drugs Dermatol. 2023 Apr 1;22(4):417-418. doi: 10.36849/JDD.7221. PMID: 37026878.

Davis CM, Flohr C, Gupta MR, et al. Managing atopic dermatitis in patients with skin of color. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2023 Mar 29:S2213-2198(23)00351-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.03.041. PMID: 37001639.

Diagnosing adverse events in skin of colour. Plast Aesthet Nurs (Phila). 2023 Apr-Jun 01;43(2):95-100. doi: 10.1097/PSN.0000000000000502. PMID: 37001004.

Dinkins J, Iwuala C, Akintilo L, et al. Commonly used hair oils in the Black community: a narrative review in their use to treat androgenetic alopecia. Int J Dermatol. 2023 Apr 5. doi: 10.1111/ijd.16657. PMID: 37017321.

Gan C, Mahil S, Pink A, et al. Atopic dermatitis in skin of colour. Part 2: Considerations in clinical presentation and treatment options. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2023 Apr 29:llad162. doi: 10.1093/ced/llad162. PMID: 37119261.

Gan C, Mahil S, Pink A, et al. Atopic dermatitis in skin of colour. Part 1: New discoveries in epidemiology and pathogenesis. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2023 Apr 1:llad111. doi: 10.1093/ced/llad111. PMID: 37002798.

Hardy NJ, Gronbeck C, Feng H. Impact of race and ethnicity on length of stay, discharge location, and total charges for inpatients with skin ulcers in New York. Arch Dermatol Res. 2023 Apr 16. doi: 10.1007/s00403-023-02624-3. PMID: 37061988.

Havelin A, Seukeran DC. Laser treatment of acne scarring in skin of colour. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2023 Apr 27;48(5):443-447. doi: 10.1093/ced/llac024. PMID: 36763696.

Kingston P, Yee D, Huang MY, et al. Shared decision-making and satisfaction with care: a population-based study in acne patients with skin of color in the United States. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2023 Apr 25:llad151. doi: 10.1093/ced/llad151. PMID: 37098265.

Mason BS, Heath C, Parker J, et al. Diversity, equity, inclusion and belonging in dermatology. Dermatol Clin. 2023 Apr;41(2):239-248. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2022.08.002. PMID: 36933912.

Moseley I, Ragi SD, Ouellette S, et al. Onychomycosis in underrepresented groups: an All of Us database analysis. Arch Dermatol Res. 2023 Apr;315(3):647-651. doi: 10.1007/s00403-022-02413-4. Epub 2022 Oct 19. PMID: 36261664.

Tawfik SS, Thomas BR, Kelsell DP, et al. Dermatology Quality of Life Index scores in Bangladeshi patients with atopic eczema and their families in East London. Br J Dermatol. 2023 Mar 30;188(4):524-532. doi: 10.1093/bjd/ljac131. PMID: 36745558.

Van Wicklin SA. Hair aging in different races and ethnicities. Plast Aesthet Nurs (Phila). 2023 Apr-Jun 01;43(2):56-60. doi: 10.1097/PSN.0000000000000495. PMID: 37000994.

Ahmad M, Saeed S, Olamiju B, et al. Dermatologic toxicities of chemotherapy: an educational intervention for skin of color women with breast cancer. Int J Womens Dermatol. 2023 Jan 30;9(1):e073. doi: 10.1097/JW9.0000000000000073. PMID: 36733315; PMCID: PMC9886509.

Ajayi A, Hall M, Yiannias JA, et al. Trends in patch testing of Black patients: the Mayo Clinic Decade Experience (January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2020). Dermatitis. 2023 Mar-Apr;34(2):113-119. doi: 10.1089/derm.2022.29000.aaj. Epub 2023 Jan 19. PMID: 36917521.

Bourgeois J, Beer J, Jacob L, et al. Scarring and dyschromias in Fitzpatrick skin type IV-VI: a review of dermatologic treatment protocols. J Drugs Dermatol. 2023 Mar 1;22(3):288-296. doi: 10.36849/JDD.7253. PMID: 36877886.

Burli A, Vashi NA, Li BS, et al. Allergic contact dermatitis and patch testing in skin of color patients. Dermatitis. 2023 Mar-Apr;34(2):85-89. doi: 10.1089/derm.2022.29011.abu. Epub 2023 Jan 19. PMID: 36917532.

Desai M, Gill J, Luke J. Cosmetic procedures in patients with skin of color: clinical pearls and pitfalls. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2023 Mar;16(3):37-40. PMID: 36950048; PMCID: PMC10027327.

Dimitrov D, Maymone MBC, Kroumpouzos G. Beauty perception: a historic and contemporary review. Clin Dermatol. 2023 Mar 4:S0738-081X(23)00025-1. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2023.02.006. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36878443.

Fabi SG, Burgess C, Edwards CD, et al. Aesthetic considerations when treating patients of African descent: thriving in diversity international roundtable series. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2023 Mar 10. doi: 10.1111/jocd.15688. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36896809.

Frech FS, Hernandez L, Urbonas R,et al. Hypertrophic scars and keloids: advances in treatment and review of established therapies. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2023 Mar;24(2):225-245. doi: 10.1007/s40257-022-00744-6. Epub 2023 Jan 20. PMID: 36662366.

Gray M. Context for practice: skin color and unconscious bias-breaking with tradition. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2023 Mar-Apr 01;50(2):99-100. doi: 10.1097/WON.0000000000000962. PMID: 36867028.

Joshi TP, Garcia D, Gedeon F, et al. Epidemiology of alopecia areata in the Hispanic/Latinx community: a cross-sectional analysis of the All of Us database. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 Mar 13:S0190-9622(23)00371-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.02.054. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36921806.

Joshi TP, Rivera A, Tschen J. Strategies for improving quality of dermatologic care for Spanish speaking patients. Int J Dermatol. 2023 Mar 13. doi: 10.1111/ijd.16646. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36912436.

Kleitsch J, Mazori DR, Masson M, et al. Cutaneous neonatal lupus in patients with skin of color: a retrospective cohort study from a national registry. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 Mar 28:S0190-9622(23)00513-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.03.028. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36997071.

Lambert RA, Stein SL. Pediatric hidradenitis suppurativa: describing care patterns in the emergency department. Pediatr Dermatol. 2023 Mar 1. doi: 10.1111/pde.15231. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36856161.

Mahama AN, Haller CN, Ahmed AM. Psychosocial considerations in the management of vitiligo. Clin Dermatol. 2023 Mar 4:S0738-081X(23)00027-5. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2023.02.008. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36878455.

Marella P, Glass DA 2nd. A retrospective study on the association of keloids with underlying health conditions in African-American women. Int J Womens Dermatol. 2023 Feb 23;9(1):e074. doi: 10.1097/JW9.0000000000000074. PMID: 36846187; PMCID: PMC9949828.

Mayo T, Dinkins J, Elewski B. Hair oils may worsen seborrheic dermatitis in Black patients. Skin Appendage Disord. 2023 Mar;9(2):151-152. doi: 10.1159/000527778. Epub 2023 Jan 18. PMID: 36937158; PMCID: PMC10015641.

Dalia Y, Khatib J, Odens H, et al. A review of treatments of pseudofolliculitis barbae. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2023 Feb 25:llad075. doi: 10.1093/ced/llad075. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36840647.

Ireland P, Rosen R, Spencer S, et al. Evaluating dermatology education in Australia: medical students’ and junior doctors’ perceptions. Australas J Dermatol. 2023 Feb 8. doi: 10.1111/ajd.14000. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36752180.

Jafari AJ, Brown C, Echuri H. Lack of association between comorbidities and central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia: a retrospective cohort study of 153 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 Feb;88(2):e101-e103. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.09.056. Epub 2022 Oct 31. PMID: 36328138.

Krutmann J, Piquero-Casals J, Morgado-Carrasco D, et al. Photoprotection for people with skin of colour: needs and strategies. Br J Dermatol. 2023 Feb 10;188(2):168-175. doi: 10.1093/bjd/ljac046. PMID: 36763874.

Moseley IH, George EA, Tran MM, et al. Alopecia areata in underrepresented groups: preliminary analysis of the All of Us research program. Arch Dermatol Res. 2023 Feb 10. doi: 10.1007/s00403-023-02548-y. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36763157.

Moutraji R, Taylor SC. Skin aging exposome in skin of color populations: review of the literature. Dermatol Surg. 2023 Feb 2. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000003704. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36735815.

Rao M, Young K, Jackson-Cowan L, et al. Post-inflammatory hypopigmentation: review of the etiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment options. J Clin Med. 2023 Feb 3;12(3):1243. doi: 10.3390/jcm12031243. PMID: 36769891; PMCID: PMC9917556.

Richard MA, Wolkenstein P, Paul C, et al; EADV burden of skin diseases project team. Ethnicity and skin conditions in Europe: a large survey from the “Burden of Skin Diseases” EADV project. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2023 Feb 24. doi: 10.1111/jdv.18994. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36840384.

Salame N, Brody HJ. Highly purified microdroplet liquid injectable silicone for the treatment of acne scars in lighter and darker skin types: a retrospective review. Dermatol Surg. 2023 Feb 14. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000003712. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36799864.

Sowash M, Alster T. Review of laser treatments for post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation in skin of color. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2023 Feb 13. doi: 10.1007/s40257-023-00759-7. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36781686.

Syder NC, Chen A, Elbuluk N. Radiofrequency and radiofrequency microneedling in skin of color: a review of usage, safety, and efficacy. Dermatol Surg. 2023 Feb 23. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000003733. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36826381.

Amechi M, Halpin J. Considerations for laser therapy, microneedling, and chemical peels when treating patients with skin of color. Plast Aesthet Nurs (Phila). 2023 Jan-Mar 01;43(1):14-21. doi: 10.1097/PSN.0000000000000483. PMID: 36583583.

Brown ID, Adawi W, Saal R, et al. Associations between hidradenitis suppurativa and dermatological conditions in adults: a national cross-sectional study. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2023 Jan 26:llad034. doi: 10.1093/ced/llad034. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36702792.

Chen HW, Limmer EE, Joseph AK, et al. Efficacy of a lay community health worker (promotoras de salud) program to improve adherence to emollients in Spanish-speaking Latin American pediatric patients in the United States with atopic dermatitis: a randomized, controlled, evaluator-blinded study. Pediatr Dermatol. 2023 Jan;40(1):69-77. doi: 10.1111/pde.15148. Epub 2022 Oct 20. PMID: 36263875.

Douglas A, Romisher A, Cohen A, et al. Scalp biopsy influences diagnostic accuracy and treatment in Black women with alopecia: a retrospective study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 Jan 31:S0190-9622(23)00157-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.01.022. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36736629.

Errichetti E, Ankad BS, Lallas A, et al. Dermoscopy of Darier’s disease in dark phototypes: an observational study by the International Dermoscopy Society task force on ‘imaging in skin of colour’. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2023 Jan 16. doi: 10.1111/jdv.18865. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36645849.

Frazier WT, Proddutur S, Swope K. Common dermatologic conditions in skin of color. Am Fam Physician. 2023 Jan;107(1):26-34. PMID: 36689965.

Harris JB, Werbel T, Saikaly SK. Benign familial pemphigus in skin of color. JAMA Dermatol. 2023 Jan 11. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2022.5117. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36630125.

Maghfour J, Mohney L, Lim HW, et al. Demographics and clinical presentations of 844 patients with light and dark skin types with polymorphous light eruption and chronic actinic dermatitis evaluated over 23?years. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2023 Jan 19. doi: 10.1111/phpp.12863. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36655819.

McKenzie C, Kundu RV. Sun protective behaviors among US racial and ethnic minorities with sun-sensitive skin. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 Jan;88(1):152-153. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.06.1306. Epub 2019 Jul 3. PMID: 31279024.

Simmons-O’Brien E, Callender VD, Orlinsky D, et al. Exploring the importance of inclusion criteria beyond the color of skin: improvement in facial redness in skin of color subjects – an open-label, single center clinical study utilizing low molecular weight heparan sulfate (HSA). J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 Jan 16:S0190-9622(23)00075-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.12.041. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36657646.

Trepanowski N, Chen R, Kim DY, et al. Sun protective behaviors and exposure habits in diverse Hispanic nationalities: data from the National Health Interview Survey 2005 to 2015. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 Jan 31:S0190-9622(23)00076-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.01.007. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36732107.

2022

Belzer A, Mortlock RD, Olamiju B, et al. The spectrum of cutaneous immune-related adverse events in patients with skin of color. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Dec 5:S0190-9622(22)03170-X. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.11.051. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36470309.

Chatrath S, Bradley L, Kentosh J. Dermatologic conditions in skin of color compared to white patients: similarities, differences, and special considerations. Arch Dermatol Res. 2022 Dec 1. doi: 10.1007/s00403-022-02493-2. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36450934.

Cline A, Marmon S. Demographics and disease associations of patients with monkeypox and recipients of monkeypox vaccine from safety net hospitals in New York City: a cross-sectional study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Dec 5:S0190-9622(22)03172-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.10.062. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36481377; PMCID: PMC9727738.

Kluger N. Nail lichen planus in skin of color. J Cutan Med Surg. 2022 Dec 29:12034754221147293. doi: 10.1177/12034754221147293. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36579731.

Teymour S, Kania B, Lal K, et al. Energy-based devices in the treatment of acne scars in skin of color. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2022 Dec 27. doi: 10.1111/jocd.15572. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36575886.

Alexis A, Woolery-Lloyd H, Andriessen A, et al. Racial/ethnic variations in acne: a practical algorithm for treatment and maintenance, including skincare recommendations for skin of color patients with acne. J Drugs Dermatol. 2022 Nov 1;21(11):s13223-s132214. PMID: 36342741.

George EA, Matthews C, Roche FC, Taylor SC. Beyond the hot comb: updates in epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia from 2011 to 2021. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2022 Nov 18. doi: 10.1007/s40257-022-00740-w. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36399228.

Islam N, Korman AM, Trinidad J,et al. Cross-sectional evaluation of Spanish-language care at academic dermatology clinics. Int J Dermatol. 2022 Nov 23. doi: 10.1111/ijd.16514. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36416670.

Kluger N, Mahé A. Diagnostic overshadowing and other cognitive bias in patients with skin of color in Finland. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2022 Nov 21:S0151-9638(22)00088-6. doi: 10.1016/j.annder.2022.09.004. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36424299.

Maranga A, Roche FC, Alausa M, et al. Quality of life in patients with central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia: a preliminary study. Br J Dermatol. 2022 Nov;187(5):802-804. doi: 10.1111/bjd.21710. Epub 2022 Jul 4. PMID: 35788915; PMCID: PMC9633347.

Pathmarajah P, Peterknecht E, Cheung K, et al. Acne vulgaris in skin of color: a systematic review of the effectiveness and tolerability of current treatments. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2022 Nov;15(11):43-68. PMID: 36381183; PMCID: PMC9651155.

Ricciardo BM, Kessaris HL, Kumarasinghe P, et al. The burden of atopic dermatitis and bacterial skin infections among urban-living Indigenous children and young people in high-income countries: a systematic review. Pediatr Dermatol. 2022 Nov 9. doi: 10.1111/pde.15153. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36349531.

Shanmugavadivel D, Liu JF, Buonsenso D, et al. Assessing healthcare professionals’ identification of paediatric dermatological conditions in darker skin tones. Children (Basel). 2022 Nov 15;9(11):1749. doi: 10.3390/children9111749. PMID: 36421198; PMCID: PMC9688675.

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Xie F, Sominidi-Damodaran S, Cantwell HM, Wyles SP, Wieland CN, Comfere NI, Davis DMR, Lehman JS. Pemphigoid gestationis and polymorphic eruption of pregnancy in skin of color. Int J Dermatol. 2022 Jan 22. doi: 10.1111/ijd.16048. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35064677.

Yoo J. Differential diagnosis and management of hyperpigmentation. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2022 Feb;47(2):251-258. doi: 10.1111/ced.14747. Epub 2021 Jul 6. PMID: 33999447.

Sharma D, Dalia Y, Patel TS. Ethnic equity implications in the management of pseudofolliculitis barbae. J Am Board Fam Med. 2022 Jan-Feb;35(1):173-174. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2022.01.210168. PMID: 35039424.

Tsai J, Chien AL. Photoprotection for skin of color. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2022 Mar;23(2):195-205. doi: 10.1007/s40257-021-00670-z. Epub 2022 Jan 19. PMID: 35044638; PMCID: PMC8766623.

Liu Y, Spitz KE, Nguyen HP. Skin lightening practices, awareness of social drivers, and the role of regulation in between. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Dec;85(6):e415-e416. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.08.027. Epub 2021 Aug 23. PMID: 34437987.

Maninder K, Richa R, Dinesh AP, Suman P. Factors affecting the outcome of fractional carbon dioxide laser resurfacing of various types of scars in skin of color. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021 Dec 21. doi: 10.1111/jocd.14698. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34932873.

McDonald KA, Shelley AJ, Maliyar K, Abdalla T, Beach RA, Beecker J. Hair pull test: a clinical update for patients with Asian- and Afro-textured hair. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Dec;85(6):1599-1601. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.11.057. Epub 2020 Dec 14. PMID: 33326824.

Rigel D, Lim HW, Draelos Z, Weber TM, Taylor S. Photoprotection for all: current gaps and opportunities. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Mar;86(3S):S18-S26. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.12.023. Epub 2021 Dec 20. PMID: 34942298.

Rigel DS, Taylor SC, Lim HW, Alexis AF, Armstrong AW, Chiesa Fuxench ZC, Draelos ZD, Hamzavi IH. Photoprotection for skin of all color: consensus and clinical guidance from an expert panel. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Mar;86(3S):S1-S8. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.12.019. Epub 2021 Dec 20. PMID: 34942296.

Taylor SC, Alexis AF, Armstrong AW, Chiesa Fuxench ZC, Lim HW. Misconceptions of photoprotection in skin of color. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Mar;86(3S):S9-S17. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.12.020. Epub 2021 Dec 21. PMID: 34942293.

Callender VD, Baldwin H, Cook-Bolden FE, Alexis AF, Stein Gold L, Guenin E. Effects of topical retinoids on acne and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation in patients with skin of color: a clinical review and implications for practice. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2022 Jan;23(1):69-81. doi: 10.1007/s40257-021-00643-2. Epub 2021 Nov 9. PMID: 34751927.

Chang J, Wang Y, Sun D, Zhang L, Man MQ, Tu Y, Jiang X, He L, Gu H. Characterization of rosacea in Chinese: an analysis of 254 cases. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021 Nov;20(11):3666-3671. doi: 10.1111/jocd.14039. Epub 2021 Mar 11. PMID: 33655687.

Gandhi K, Ezzedine K, Anastassopoulos KP, Patel R, Sikirica V, Daniel SR, Napatalung L, Yamaguchi Y, Baik R, Pandya AG. Prevalence of vitiligo among adults in the United States. JAMA Dermatol. 2022 Jan 1;158(1):43-50. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2021.4724. PMID: 34787670; PMCID: PMC8600454.

Guckian J, Ingram JR, Rajan N, Linos E. Dermatology is finally talking about race. Br J Dermatol. 2021 Nov;185(5):875-876. doi: 10.1111/bjd.20599. PMID: 34743327.

Ho BVK, Ferguson J, Reme B, Akinwuntan J, Seger EW, Rajpara A. Racial and ethnic makeup of a dermatology community health center is reflective of the underlying general population in Kansas City. JAAD Int. 2021 Nov 6;6:1-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jdin.2021.10.001. PMID: 34806051; PMCID: PMC8586798.

Mitchell KN, Tay YK, Heath CR, Silverberg NB. Review article: emerging issues in pediatric skin of color, Part 2. Pediatr Dermatol. 2021 Nov;38 Suppl 2:30-36. doi: 10.1111/pde.14774. Epub 2021 Oct 27. PMID: 34708446.

Akuffo-Addo E, Nicholas MN, Joseph M. COVID-19 skin manifestations in skin of colour. J Cutan Med Surg. 2022 Mar-Apr;26(2):189-197. doi: 10.1177/12034754211053310. Epub 2021 Oct 19. PMID: 34663122; PMCID: PMC8950713.

Mitchell KN, Tay YK, Heath CR, Trachtman R, Silverberg NB. Review article: emerging issues in pediatric skin of color, part 1. Pediatr Dermatol. 2021 Nov;38 Suppl 2:20-29. doi: 10.1111/pde.14775. Epub 2021 Oct 18. PMID: 34664330.

Pereira MP, Zeidler C, Ständer S. Clinical characteristics of chronic nodular prurigo are independent of Fitzpatrick skin type. A European prospective cross-sectional study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2022 Mar;36(3):e225-e227. doi: 10.1111/jdv.17756. Epub 2021 Oct 27. PMID: 34661933.

Sommerlad M. Skin lightening causes and complications. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2022 Feb;47(2):264-270. doi: 10.1111/ced.14972. Epub 2021 Dec 17. PMID: 34637158.

2021

Nriagu BN, Sanders VR, Bercovitch L, Snyder K, Cross EA, Treat JR, Sheppard SE. Misdiagnosis of capillary malformations in darker skin phototypes. Pediatr Dermatol. 2021 Nov;38 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):137-139. doi: 10.1111/pde.14787. Epub 2021 Sep 28. PMID: 34585435; PMCID: PMC9043531.

Lecaros C, Dunstan J, Villena F, Ashcroft DM, Parisi R, Griffiths CEM, Härtel S, Maul JT, De la Cruz C. The incidence of psoriasis in Chile: an analysis of the National Waiting List Repository. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2021 Oct;46(7):1262-1269. doi: 10.1111/ced.14713. Epub 2021 Jun 26. PMID: 33914930.

Butt S, Butt H, Gnanappiragasam D. Unintentional consequences of artificial intelligence in dermatology for patients with skin of colour. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2021 Oct;46(7):1333-1334. doi: 10.1111/ced.14726. Epub 2021 May 31. PMID: 33969523.

Sutaria N, Parthasarathy V, Roh YS, Choi J, Bordeaux ZA, Trinh P, Le TK, Semenov YR, Kwatra SG. Itch in skin of colour: a multicentre cross-sectional study. Br J Dermatol. 2021 Sep;185(3):652-654. doi: 10.1111/bjd.20403. Epub 2021 Jun 6. PMID: 33893648.

East-Innis ADC, Chung-Stanley MM, McNish AJS, Fitz-Henley MSA. The spectrum of skin diseases seen in a Jamaican tertiary academic medical center. JAAD Int. 2021 Jul 30;4:59-64. doi: 10.1016/j.jdin.2021.06.003. PMID: 34409394; PMCID: PMC8361907.

Bax CE, Clark AK, Oboite M, Treat JR. A case of disseminated Lyme disease in a child with skin of color. Pediatr Dermatol. 2021 Nov;38 Suppl 2:140-141. doi: 10.1111/pde.14770. Epub 2021 Sep 13. PMID: 34515362.

Foschi CM, Tam I, Schalock PC, Yu J. Patch testing results in skin of color: a retrospective review from the Massachusetts General Hospital Contact Dermatitis Clinic. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Aug;87(2):452-454. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.09.022. Epub 2021 Sep 20. PMID: 34547356.

Louis LM, Kavi LK, Boyle M, Pool W, Bhandari D, De Jesús VR, Thomas S, Pollack AZ, Sun A, McLean S, Rule AM, Quirós-Alcalá L. Biomonitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) among hairdressers in salons primarily serving women of color: a pilot study. Environ Int. 2021 Sep;154:106655. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106655. Epub 2021 Jun 3. PMID: 34090205; PMCID: PMC8221536.

Ho T, Taylor MT, Marathe KS, Lucky AW, Barbieri JS. Most common pediatric skin conditions managed in outpatient dermatology clinics in the United States stratified by race and ethnicity. Pediatr Dermatol. 2021 Nov;38 Suppl 2:129-131. doi: 10.1111/pde.14693. Epub 2021 Aug 2. PMID: 34339074.

Jones NL, Heath CR. Hair at the intersection of dermatology and anthropology: a conversation on race and relationships. Pediatr Dermatol. 2021 Nov;38 Suppl 2:158-160. doi: 10.1111/pde.14721. Epub 2021 Aug 3. PMID: 34342039.

Khosla NN, Grullon K, Rosenblatt AE. Prevention of racialized medicine in pediatric dermatology: A call to re-examine skin tone typing. Pediatr Dermatol. 2021 Nov;38 Suppl 2:167-169. doi: 10.1111/pde.14739. Epub 2021 Aug 6. PMID: 34355415.

O’Connor C, Gallagher C, Bourke J, Murphy M. Confidence of Irish dermatologists in caring for patients with skin of colour. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2022 Jan;47(1):169-171. doi: 10.1111/ced.14897. Epub 2021 Sep 2. PMID: 34398995.

Davies OMT, Benjamin L, Gupta D, Huang JT, Rehmus W, Siegel DH, Siegel MP. Diversity in pediatric dermatology: a report from the Pediatric Dermatology Research Alliance and a call to action. Pediatr Dermatol. 2021 Nov;38 Suppl 2:96-102. doi: 10.1111/pde.14756. Epub 2021 Aug 18. PMID: 34409651.

Bellet JS. Nail discoloration in pediatric skin of color patients. Pediatr Dermatol. 2021 Nov;38 Suppl 2:37-41. doi: 10.1111/pde.14659. Epub 2021 Jul 15. PMID: 34263476.

Finlay AY, Griffiths TW, Belmo S, Chowdhury MMU. Why we should abandon the misused descriptor “erythema”. Br J Dermatol. 2021 Dec;185(6):1240-1241. doi: 10.1111/bjd.20660. Epub 2021 Sep 30. PMID: 34319584.

Alexis AF, Woolery-Lloyd H, Williams K, Andriessen A, Callender VD, Kang S, Rodriquez D, Tan J. Racial/ethnic variations in acne: implications for treatment and skin care recommendations for acne patients with skin of color. J Drugs Dermatol. 2021 Jul 1;20(7):716-725. doi: 10.36849/JDD.6169. PMID: 34232006.

Tamazian S, Oboite M, Treat JR. Patch testing in skin of color: A brief report. Pediatr Dermatol. 2021 Jul;38(4):952-953. doi: 10.1111/pde.14578. Epub 2021 Mar 20. PMID: 33742499.

Orenstein LAV, Nelson MM, Wolner Z, Laugesen MJ, Wang Z, Patzer RE, Swerlick RA. Differences in outpatient dermatology encounter work relative value units and net payments by patient race, sex, and age. JAMA Dermatol. 2021 Apr 1;157(4):406-412. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2020.5823. PMID: 33595596; PMCID: PMC7890528.

Plante JG, Aleisa AI, Thiers BH. Pityriasis rubra pilaris in skin of color. Int J Womens Dermatol. 2021 Jan 19;7(2):207-208. doi: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2021.01.010. PMID: 33937496; PMCID: PMC8072512.

Wiznia LE, Wang J, Steuer AB, Elbuluk N. Direct-to-consumer dermatology-related advertising differs in magazines targeted to women of color: A cross-sectional analysis of top-circulating consumer magazines. Int J Womens Dermatol. 2021 Jan 18;7(2):191-194. doi: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2021.01.009. PMID: 33937491; PMCID: PMC8072494.

Maymone MBC, Laughter M, Pollock S, Khan I, Marques T, Abdat R, Goldberg LJ, Vashi NA. Hair aging in different races and ethnicities. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2021 Jan;14(1):38-44. Epub 2021 Jan 1. PMID: 33584967; PMCID: PMC7869811.

Pollock S, Taylor S, Oyerinde O, Nurmohamed S, Dlova N, Sarkar R, Galadari H, Manela-Azulay M, Chung HS, Handog E, Kourosh AS. The dark side of skin lightening: An international collaboration and review of a public health issue affecting dermatology. Int J Womens Dermatol. 2020 Sep 17;7(2):158-164. doi: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2020.09.006. PMID: 33937483; PMCID: PMC8072511.

McColl M, Boozalis E, Aguh C, Eseonu AC, Okoye GA, Kwatra SG. Pruritus in Black Skin: Unique Molecular Characteristics and Clinical Features. J Natl Med Assoc. 2021 Feb;113(1):30-38. doi: 10.1016/j.jnma.2020.07.002. Epub 2020 Aug 1. PMID: 32747312.

Massie JP, Cho DY, Kneib CJ, Sousa JD, Morrison SD, Friedrich JB. A Picture of Modern Medicine: Race and Visual Representation in Medical Literature. J Natl Med Assoc. 2021 Feb;113(1):88-94. doi: 10.1016/j.jnma.2020.07.013. Epub 2020 Aug 1. PMID: 32753112.

Montgomery SN, Elbuluk N. A quantitative analysis of research publications focused on the top chief complaints in skin of color patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Jul;85(1):241-242. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.08.031. Epub 2020 Aug 13. PMID: 32800869.

Douglas A, Onalaja AA, Taylor SC. Hair care products used by women of African descent: review of ingredients. Cutis. 2020 Apr;105(4):183-188. PMID: 32463850.

Barbieri JS, Shin DB, Wang S, Margolis DJ, Takeshita J. Association of race/ethnicity and sex with differences in health care use and treatment for acne. JAMA Dermatol. 2020 Mar 1;156(3):312-319. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2019.4818. PMID: 32022834; PMCID: PMC7042795.

Teteh D, Ericson M, Monice S, Dawkins-Moultin L, Bahadorani N, Clark P, Mitchell E, Treviño LS, Llanos A, Kittles R, Montgomery S. The Black identity, hair product use, and breast cancer scale. PLoS One. 2019 Dec 4;14(12):e0225305. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225305. PMID: 31800594; PMCID: PMC6892488.

Gorbatenko-Roth K, Prose N, Kundu RV, Patterson S. Assessment of Black patients’ perception of their dermatology care. JAMA Dermatol. 2019 Oct 1;155(10):1129-1134. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2019.2063. PMID: 31433446; PMCID: PMC6704753.

Raffi J, Suresh R, Agbai O. Clinical recognition and management of alopecia in women of color. Int J Womens Dermatol. 2019 Aug 22;5(5):314-319. doi: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2019.08.005. PMID: 31909150; PMCID: PMC6938875.

Benn EKT, Deshpande R, Dotson-Newman O, Gordon S, Scott M, Amarasiriwardena C, Khan IA, Wang YH, Alexis A, Kaufman B, Moran H, Wen C, Charles CAD, Younger NOM, Mohamed N, Liu B. Skin bleaching among African and Afro-Caribbean women in New York City: Primary findings from a P30 pilot study. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2019 Jun;9(2):355-367. doi: 10.1007/s13555-019-0297-y. Epub 2019 Apr 24. PMID: 31020513; PMCID: PMC6522580.

Heath CR. Hair loss in skin of color patients. Cutis. 2019 Apr;103(4):231-232. PMID: 31116819.

Maymone MBC, Watchmaker JD, Dubiel M, Wirya SA, Shen LY, Vashi NA. Common Skin Disorders in Pediatric Skin of Color. J Pediatr Health Care. 2019 Nov-Dec;33(6):727-737. doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2019.04.019. PMID: 31655787.

Alexis AF, Callender VD, Baldwin HE, Desai SR, Rendon MI, Taylor SC. Global epidemiology and clinical spectrum of rosacea, highlighting skin of color: Review and clinical practice experience. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2019 Jun;80(6):1722-1729.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.08.049. Epub 2018 Sep 19. PMID: 30240779.

Brunner PM, Guttman-Yassky E. Racial differences in atopic dermatitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2019 May;122(5):449-455. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2018.11.015. Epub 2018 Nov 20. PMID: 30465859.

Sarkar R, Ailawadi P, Garg S. Melasma in men: a review of clinical, etiological, and management issues. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2018 Feb;11(2):53-59. Epub 2018 Feb 1. PMID: 29552277; PMCID: PMC5843363.

Fischer AH, Shin DB, Margolis DJ, Takeshita J. Racial and ethnic differences in health care utilization for childhood eczema: an analysis of the 2001-2013 Medical Expenditure Panel Surveys. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017 Dec;77(6):1060-1067. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2017.08.035. Epub 2017 Sep 28. PMID: 28964540; PMCID: PMC5916760.

Taylor SC, Barbosa V, Burgess C, Heath C, McMichael AJ, Ogunleye T, Callender V. Hair and scalp disorders in adult and pediatric patients with skin of color. Cutis. 2017 Jul;100(1):31-35. PMID: 28873105.

Torres V, Herane MI, Costa A, Martin JP, Troielli P. Refining the ideas of “ethnic” skin. An Bras Dermatol. 2017 Mar-Apr;92(2):221-225. doi: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20174846. PMID: 28538883; PMCID: PMC5429109.

Lawson CN, Hollinger J, Sethi S, Rodney I, Sarkar R, Dlova N, Callender VD. Updates in the understanding and treatments of skin & hair disorders in women of color. Int J Womens Dermatol. 2017 Feb 16;3(1 Suppl):S21-S37. doi: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2017.02.006. PMID: 28492036; PMCID: PMC5419061.

Herskovitz I, Miteva M. Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia: challenges and solutions. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2016 Aug 17;9:175-81. doi: 10.2147/CCID.S100816. PMID: 27574457; PMCID: PMC4993262.

Pandya AG, Alexis AF, Berger TG, Wintroub BU. Increasing racial and ethnic diversity in dermatology: A call to action. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016 Mar;74(3):584-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2015.10.044. Epub 2016 Jan 8. PMID: 26774427.

Stiel L, Adkins-Jackson PB, Clark P, Mitchell E, Montgomery S. A review of hair product use on breast cancer risk in African American women. Cancer Med. 2016 Mar;5(3):597-604. doi: 10.1002/cam4.613. Epub 2016 Jan 15. PMID: 26773423; PMCID: PMC4799949.

Vashi NA, de Castro Maymone MB, Kundu RV. Aging differences in ethnic skin. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2016 Jan;9(1):31-8. PMID: 26962390; PMCID: PMC4756870.

Al-Dabagh A, Davis SA, McMichael AJ, Feldman SR. Rosacea in skin of color: Not a rare diagnosis. Dermatol Online J. 2014 Oct 15;20(10):13030/qt1mv9r0ss. PMID: 25526008.

Verma SM, Okawa J, Propert KJ, Werth VP. The impact of skin damage due to cutaneous lupus on quality of life. Br J Dermatol. 2014 Feb;170(2):315-21. doi: 10.1111/bjd.12653. PMID: 24111880; PMCID: PMC4878997.

Gelber AC, Manno RL, Shah AA, Woods A, Le EN, Boin F, Hummers LK, Wigley FM. Race and association with disease manifestations and mortality in scleroderma: a 20-year experience at the Johns Hopkins Scleroderma Center and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 2013 Jul;92(4):191-205. doi: 10.1097/MD.0b013e31829be125. PMID: 23793108; PMCID: PMC4553970.

Davis SA, Narahari S, Feldman SR, Huang W, Pichardo-Geisinger RO, McMichael AJ. Top dermatologic conditions in patients of color: an analysis of nationally representative data. J Drugs Dermatol. 2012 Apr;11(4):466-73. PMID: 22453583.

Heath CR, David J, Taylor SC. Sarcoidosis: Are there differences in your skin of color patients? J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012 Jan;66(1):121.e1-14. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2010.06.068. Epub 2011 Oct 14. PMID: 22000704.

Henderson MD, Abboud J, Cogan CM, Poisson LM, Eide MJ, Shwayder TA, Lim HW. Skin-of-color epidemiology: a report of the most common skin conditions by race. Pediatr Dermatol. 2012 Sep-Oct;29(5):584-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1470.2012.01775.x. Epub 2012 May 29. PMID: 22639933.

Hirano SA, Murray SB, Harvey VM. Reporting, representation, and subgroup analysis of race and ethnicity in published clinical trials of atopic dermatitis in the United States between 2000 and 2009. Pediatr Dermatol. 2012 Nov-Dec;29(6):749-55. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1470.2012.01797.x. Epub 2012 Sep 28. PMID: 23017105.

Hinds GA, Heald P. Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma in skin of color. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2009 Mar;60(3):359-75; quiz 376-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2008.10.031. PMID: 19231637.

Alexis AF, Sergay AB, Taylor SC. Common dermatologic disorders in skin of color: a comparative practice survey. Cutis. 2007 Nov;80(5):387-94. PMID: 18189024.

Gelfand JM, Stern RS, Nijsten T, Feldman SR, Thomas J, Kist J, Rolstad T, Margolis DJ. The prevalence of psoriasis in African Americans: results from a population-based study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005 Jan;52(1):23-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2004.07.045. PMID: 15627076.

Taylor SC, Cook-Bolden F, Rahman Z, Strachan D. Acne vulgaris in skin of color. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2002 Feb;46(2 Suppl Understanding):S98-106. doi: 10.1067/mjd.2002.120791. PMID: 11807471.

Taylor SC, Kelly AP, Dupree NE, Kimball AB, Lawrence RC. Health disparities in arthritis and musculoskeletal and skin diseases-the dermatology session: National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, December 15-16, 2000. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2002 Nov;47(5):770-3. doi: 10.1067/mjd.2002.124691. PMID: 12399772.

Digital Resources

For Professionals:

Print Resources

2023

Das, P. C. (2023). Atlas of clinical dermatology in coloured skin: a morphological approach. Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Ghavami, A., Most, S. P., & Cerkes, N. (eds.). [2023]. Global rhinoplasty: a multicultural approach. New York: Thieme.

Madnani, N. (ed.). [2023]. Atlas of vulvovaginal disease in darker skin types. Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Sachdev, M., Khunger, N., & Patrao, N. (eds.). (2023). Essentials for aesthetic dermatology in ethnic skin: practice and procedure. Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Taylor, S. C. (2023). Diagnosing skin disease in skin of color. Elsevier.

Taylor, S. C., & Elbuluk, N. (2023). Taylor and Elbuluk’s color atlas and synopsis for skin of color. New York: McGraw Hill.

2022

Errichetti, E., & Lallas, A. (2022). Dermoscopy in general dermatology for skin of color. Boca Raton: CRC Press.

2021

Ankad, B. S., Mukherjee, S. S., & Nikam, B. P. (2021) Dermoscopy-histopathology correlation: A conspectus in the skin of colour. Singapore: Springer.

Donkor, C. M. Y. A., Aryee-Boi, J., Osazuwa, I. R., Afflu, F. K., & Alexis, A. F. (2021). Atlas of dermatological conditions in populations of African ancestry. Cham: Springer.

Li, B. S., & Maibach, H. I. (2021). Ethnic skin and hair and other cultural considerations. Cham: Springer.

Ranawaka, R. R., Kannagara, A. P., & Karawita, A. (2021). Atlas of dermatoses in pigmented skin. Singapore: Springer.

Relhan, V., Garg, V. K., Ghunawat, S., et al. (2021). Comprehensive textbook on vitiligo. Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Shah, M. K., & Sheth, P. K. (2021). Pediatric dermatology in skin of color: A practical guide. Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Vashi, N. A. (2021). Cultural practices and dermatoses. Cham: Springer.

2020

Inamadar, A. C., & Palit, A. (2020). Systemic sclerosis: An illustrated guide to manifestation and management in Asian skin. Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Lee, J. D., Lee, J. K., & Oh M. J. M. (2020). Principles and choice of laser treatment in dermatology: With special reference to the Asian population. Singapore: Springer Singapore.

Moiin, A. (2020). Atlas of black skin. Cham: Springer International.

Morrone, A., Hay, R. J., & Naafs, B. (2020). Skin disorders in migrants. Cham: Springer.

Mukwende, M., Tamony, P., & Turner, M. (2020). Mind the gap: A handbook of clinical signs in black and brown skin. London: St. George’s, University of London.

2018

Aguh, C., & Okoye, G. A. (2018). Fundamentals of ethnic hair: The dermatologist’s perspective. Cham: Springer International.

Carniol, P. J., & Monheit, G. D. (2018). Aesthetic rejuvenation challenges and solutions: A world perspective. Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Handog, E. B., & Enriquez-Macarayo, M. J. (2018). Melasma and vitiligo in brown skin. New Delhi: Springer India.

Kumarasinghe, P. (2018). Pigmentary skin disorders. Cham: Springer International.

Lenzy, Y. (2018). Getting to the root book: A dermatologist and cosmetologist’s guide to understanding HAIR! Massachusetts: Kingdom Root Publishing.

McMichael, A. J., & Hordinsky, M. K. (2018). Hair and scalp disorders: Medical, surgical, and cosmetic treatments. Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Orfanos, C. E., Zouboulis, C. C., & Assaf, C. (2018). Pigmented ethnic skin and imported dermatoses: A text-atlas. Cham: Springer International.

2017

Florian, M. C., Tomimori, J., Mendonça, S. B. M., & Rodrigues, D. A. (2017). Dermatological atlas of indigenous people. Cham: Springer International.

Vashi, N. A., & Maibach, H. I. (2017). Dermatoanthropology of ethnic skin and hair. Cham: Springer International.

2016

Kelly, A. P., Taylor, S. C., Lim, H. W., & Anido, S. A. M.. (2016). Taylor and Kelly’s dermatology for skin of color (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Education.

Love, P. B., & Kundu, R. V. (2016). Clinical cases in skin of color: Adnexal, inflammation, infections, and pigmentary disorders. Cham: Springer International.

Love, P. B., & Kundu, R. V. (2016). Clinical cases in skin of color: Medical, oncological and hair disorders, and cosmetic dermatology. Cham: Springer International.

Silverberg, N.B., Duran-McKinster, C., & Tay Y. K. (2016). Pediatric skin of color. New York: Springer.

2014

Chua, S. H., Goh, C. L., Ng, S. K., & Tan, S. H. (2014). Asian skin: A reference colour atlas of dermatology & venereology (2nd ed.). Singapore: McGraw Hill Education.

Jablonski, N. G. (2014). Living color – the biological and social meaning of skin color. California: University of California Press.

Jackson-Richards, D., & Pandya, A. G. (2014). Dermatology atlas for skin of color. Heidelberg: Springer.

Khumalo, N. P. (2014). African skin and hair disorders, an issue of dermatologic clinics. London: Elsevier Health Sciences.

Yusuf, S. M. (2014) African dermatology. Ibadan: Ibadan University Press.

2013

Alexis, A. F., & Barbosa, V. H. (2013). Skin of color: A practical guide to dermatologic diagnosis and treatment. New York: Springer.

Dadzie, O. E., Alexis, A. F., & Petit, A. (2013). Ethnic dermatology: principles and practice. West Sussex: John, Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

2012

Khopkar, U. S. (2012). Dermoscopy and trichoscopy in diseases of the brown skin: Atlas and short text. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publisher.

Lugo-Somolinos, A., & McKinley-Grant, L. (2012). VisualDx: Essential dermatology in pigmented skin. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

2011

Taylor, S. C., Gathers R. C., Badreshia-Bansai, S., et al. (2011). Treatments for skin of color. Edinburgh: Saunders/Elsevier.

Tay, Y.-K., & Chan, Y.-C. (2011). Textbook of laser and light dermatology in the Asian skin. Singapore: World Scientific.

2009

Alam, M., Bhatia A. C., Kundu, R., et al. (2009). Cosmetic dermatology for skin of color. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical.

Archer, C. B. (2009). Ethnic dermatology: Clinical problems and skin pigmentation (2nd ed.). Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Baron, E. D. (2009). Light-based therapies for skin of color. Dordrecht: Springer.

2008

Goldberg, D. J. (2008). Lasers and lights: Volume 2: Rejuvenation, resurfacing, treatment of ethnic skin, and treatment of cellulite. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier.

Grimes, P. E. (2008). Aesthetics and cosmetic surgery for darker skin types. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Persadsingh, N. (2008). The hair in black women. United States: Xulon Press.

Sheikh, A., & Gatrad, A.R. (2008) Caring for Muslim patients. Oxford: Radcliffe.

2007

Berardesca, E., Leveque, J.-L., & Maibach, H. I. (2007). Ethnic skin and hair. New York: Informa Healthcare.

2006

Connolly, C., & Bikowski, J. (2006). Dermatological atlas of black skin. Weybridge, Surrey: Merit Publishing International.

Halder, R. M. (2006). Dermatology and dermatological therapy of pigmented skins. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis.

2005

Downie, J., Cook-Bolden, F., & Nevins, T. B. (2005). Beautiful skin of color: A comprehensive guide to Asian, olive, and dark skin. New York: HarperCollins.

2004

White, G. M. (2004). Color atlas of dermatology (3rd ed.). Edinburgh: Mosby.

2002

Leppard, B. (2002). An atlas of African dermatology. Abingdon: Radcliffe Medical Press.

See More

Ng, S. K., & Goh, C. L. (2001). The principles and practice of contact and occupational dermatology in Asia Pacific region. River Edge, N.J: World Scientific.

Preciado, M. D. (1989). Practical dermatology in pigmented skin. London: Inn Publishing.

Johnson, J. B. L., Moy, R. L., & White, G. M. (1998). Ethnic skin: Medical and surgical. St. Louis: Mosby.

Archer, C. B., & Robertson, S. J. (1995). Black and white skin diseases: An atlas and text. Oxford: Blackwell Science.

Parish, L. C., Millikan, L. E., & Amer, M. (1994). Global dermatology: Diagnosis and management according to geography, climate, and culture. New York: Springer-Verlag.

Schaller, K. F., & Bahmer, F. A. (1994). Colour atlas of tropical dermatology and venerology. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.

Montagna, W., Kenney, J. A., & Prota, G. (1993). Black skin: Structure and function. San Diego: Academic Press.

Basset, A., Liautaud, B., Ndiaye, B., & Pembroke, A. (1986). Dermatology of black skin. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Rosen, T., & Martin, S. (1981). Atlas of Black dermatology. Boston: Little, Brown and Company.

Updated February 20, 2024