A demyelinating sensorimotor neuropathy is a peripheral nerve dysfunction caused by loss of myelination around the axons of neurons. Demyelinating neuropathies cause motor, sensory, or autonomic symptoms. Demyelinating neuropathies affect large diameter axons first, initially producing motor weakness, loss of vibratory sensation, and decreased proprioception.

Demyelinating neuropathies may have an acute or chronic onset. Demyelination can be caused by autoimmune disease, toxins, drug side effects, nutritional deficiencies, infections, paraneoplastic syndromes, or congenital disorders. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is the most common cause of hereditary demyelinating polyneuropathy.

Age of onset and treatment vary according to the underlying cause of the neuropathy.