Emphysematous vaginitis is an extremely rare benign condition affecting the vaginal mucosa.

Patients of any age can be affected, although they usually have had menarche. Given its rarity, the etiology is unclear, although some reports show increased incidence in the setting of pregnancy or vaginal infections (bacterial vaginosis [BV] or Trichomonas).

Presenting complaints will include bloody vaginal discharge, itching, vaginal pressure, postcoital bleeding, or noticing a "popping" sound during intercourse.