Gastric acid aspiration
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Synopsis
Symptomatic aspiration occurs when there is (1) a compromise in the airway defenses (eg, cough reflex, clearing mechanisms), and (2) a substance and amount aspirated is directly toxic to the lower airways. Chemical pneumonitis (sometimes called Mendelson syndrome) is caused by the regurgitation of stomach contents and aspiration resulting in inflammation of the lung. This syndrome is typically confused with bacterial aspiration pneumonia. In aspiration pneumonitis, there is rapid development of symptoms resulting from pulmonary inflammation with fluid accumulation in the alveolar spaces. Aspiration pneumonia, on the other hand, is caused by bacteria from the oral and nasal pharynx and generally is more indolent in presentation. For both conditions, symptoms range from mild shortness of breath to sudden onset of tachypnea and hypoxia.
Codes
ICD10CM:J95.4 – Chemical pneumonitis due to anesthesia
SNOMEDCT:
155597006 – Aspiration pneumonitis
47386001 – Mendelson's syndrome resulting from a procedure
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Drug Reaction Data
Below is a list of drugs with literature evidence indicating an adverse association with this diagnosis. The list is continually updated through ongoing research and new medication approvals. Click on Citations to sort by number of citations or click on Medication to sort the medications alphabetically.Subscription Required
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Last Reviewed:02/07/2018
Last Updated:02/07/2018
Last Updated:02/07/2018