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Colitis
Other Resources UpToDate PubMed

Colitis

Contributors: Amirah Khan MD, Paritosh Prasad MD
Other Resources UpToDate PubMed

Synopsis

Colitis is a broad term used to describe inflammation of the colon. Etiologies include inflammatory bowel disease, infectious colitis, microscopic colitis, ischemia, medication-associated colitis, radiation colitis, diversion colitis, graft-versus-host disease, and diverticulitis. In terms of special populations, neonates are at risk for necrotizing enterocolitis and immunocompromised patients are at risk for neutropenic enterocolitis.

Symptoms of colitis vary depending on etiology but can include diarrhea, abdominal pain, and hematochezia. Systemic symptoms such as fevers and chills may be present. Risk factors for colitis vary depending on the specific etiology. It is sometimes associated with somatic mutations in the NFKBIZ, TRAF3IP2, PIGR, or ARID1A genes.

For discussion of specific colitis diagnoses, see the following.

Infectious colitis caused by, eg:
Drug-induced colitis caused by, eg:
  • NSAIDs
  • Checkpoint inhibitors, eg, ipilimumab, nivolumab
  • See Drug Reaction Data below for further information
In addition:

Codes

ICD10CM:
K52.9 – Noninfective gastroenteritis and colitis, unspecified

SNOMEDCT:
64226004 – Colitis

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Last Reviewed:03/20/2018
Last Updated:10/31/2022
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