Chronic myeloid leukemia in Adult
Alerts and Notices
Synopsis
CML represents about 15%-20% of all leukemias in the United States. Median age at diagnosis is between 50 and 65 years, and there is a slight male predominance.
CML begins in the chronic phase (CP); this may progress to an accelerated phase (AP) and, later, a blast phase (BP), or acute leukemia (> 20% blasts). Approximately 85% of patients will be in CP when they present or are diagnosed.
Related topic: Acute myelogenous leukemia
Codes
ICD10CM:C92.10 – Chronic myeloid leukemia, BCR/ABL-positive, not having achieved remission
SNOMEDCT:
92818009 – Chronic myeloid leukemia, disease
Look For
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Diagnostic Pearls
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Differential Diagnosis & Pitfalls
- Leukemoid reaction – reactive nonclonal proliferation of WBC due to infection or stress
- Chronic lymphoid leukemia – increased WBC; however, differential shows they are lymphocytes
- Chronic neutrophilic leukemia – elevated WBC composed of predominantly neutrophils (80%) along with circulating blasts may be associated with mutation in CSF3R, which is a growth factor receptor
- Acute myeloid leukemia – increased WBC made up of > 20% myeloblasts
- Acute lymphoid leukemia – increased WBC made up of > 20% lymphoblasts
Best Tests
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Management Pearls
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Therapy
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Drug Reaction Data
Below is a list of drugs with literature evidence indicating an adverse association with this diagnosis. The list is continually updated through ongoing research and new medication approvals. Click on Citations to sort by number of citations or click on Medication to sort the medications alphabetically.Subscription Required
References
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Last Reviewed:06/10/2019
Last Updated:01/12/2022
Last Updated:01/12/2022
Chronic myeloid leukemia in Adult