Cutaneous eruption of lymphocyte recovery (ELR) is an eruption that occurs in the setting of an increasing lymphocyte count after bone marrow ablating chemotherapy. The rash typically appears 1-3 weeks after a chemotherapeutic regimen, when the lymphocyte count is beginning to recover. ELR is characterized by confluent erythematous macules and papules that are pruritic. Sometimes, erythroderma ensues. Within a few days of the appearance of the rash, the patient typically has 2-3 days of fever with negative blood and urine cultures. Several days after the fever, the eruption resolves spontaneously with possible desquamation and residual hyperpigmentation.

The pathophysiology of ELR is unclear, although it is postulated that it may be due to defective suppression of lymphocytes during rapid immunologic reconstitution or the preferential migration of T-lymphocytes to the skin to re-establish skin-associated lymphoid tissue.