Denture-induced hyperplasia - Oral Mucosal Lesion
Alerts and Notices
Synopsis
Denture-induced hyperplasia is a hyperplasia of fibrous tissue that is a reaction to a poorly fitting denture that, in use, rocks and slides over the mucosa. It is also sometimes associated with continuous wearing of dentures. This redundant "callus-like" tissue cushions the denture against ongoing trauma. It is said that females are 2-3 times more likely to develop this condition, but it may be that females are more likely to seek help for this condition. The areas may or may not be painful depending on whether the areas are ulcerated. Patients notice a mass or thickening of the mucosa, either under a palatal denture or at the flanges of a mandibular denture. The latter is usually also referred to as "epulis fissuratum". This extra tissue has usually been present for months to years and slowly enlarges.
Codes
ICD10CM:
K06.2 – Gingival and edentulous alveolar ridge lesions associated with trauma
SNOMEDCT:
441798003 – Hyperplasia of gingiva
K06.2 – Gingival and edentulous alveolar ridge lesions associated with trauma
SNOMEDCT:
441798003 – Hyperplasia of gingiva
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Diagnostic Pearls
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Differential Diagnosis & Pitfalls
- Palatal condyloma may appear similar, but the confinement of papillary hyperplasia to the vault would suggest a direct relationship with the denture, while a condyloma that occurs in the palatal mucosa would often also occur elsewhere in the oral mucosa. This is particularly important in immunocompromised patients who are prone to HPV infection and reactivation.
- Idiopathic papillary hyperplasia of a high arched palate is a benign condition that presents very similarly to papillary hyperplasia that is denture associated, except that the patient does not wear a denture.
- Squamous cell carcinoma should always be considered in the differential if the lesion has significant surface change (such as leukoplakia and erythroplakia) and if there is a smoking history since carcinoma can occur in these locations coincidentally.
Best Tests
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Management Pearls
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Therapy
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References
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Last Updated:01/19/2015
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Denture-induced hyperplasia - Oral Mucosal Lesion