Granuloma annulare - External and Internal Eye
See also in: OverviewAlerts and Notices
Synopsis

Granuloma annulare (GA) is a benign inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology that targets the dermis or subcutaneous tissues. It manifests as small dermal papules that may coalesce or expand to form annular plaques. The disorder is usually localized, but other clinical variants exist, including a generalized form. The disease is seen more frequently in women and commonly presents within the first 3 decades of life. GA usually resolves spontaneously with no adverse sequelae.
Some reports in the literature have suggested that GA is associated with certain triggers or systemic diseases, such as thyroid disease, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, malignancy, and infections; however, this is now considered controversial.
Rare cases of GA presenting around the eye have been reported; it usually presents in a nodular (subcutaneous) form and is more often seen in younger patients. There have been rare case reports of patients with GA developing uveitis; however, whether this is associated is still unknown.
Some reports in the literature have suggested that GA is associated with certain triggers or systemic diseases, such as thyroid disease, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, malignancy, and infections; however, this is now considered controversial.
Rare cases of GA presenting around the eye have been reported; it usually presents in a nodular (subcutaneous) form and is more often seen in younger patients. There have been rare case reports of patients with GA developing uveitis; however, whether this is associated is still unknown.
Codes
ICD10CM:
L92.0 – Granuloma annulare
SNOMEDCT:
65508009 – Granuloma annulare
L92.0 – Granuloma annulare
SNOMEDCT:
65508009 – Granuloma annulare
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Diagnostic Pearls
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Differential Diagnosis & Pitfalls
When only eyelid lesions are present, consider alternative diagnoses of:
When seen on the non-ocular areas, GA is often mistaken for dermatophyte infection (ringworm). The presence of scale in dermatophyte infection should allow the distinction. Other non-ocular involvement differential diagnoses are:
When seen on the non-ocular areas, GA is often mistaken for dermatophyte infection (ringworm). The presence of scale in dermatophyte infection should allow the distinction. Other non-ocular involvement differential diagnoses are:
Best Tests
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Management Pearls
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Therapy
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Drug Reaction Data
Below is a list of drugs with literature evidence indicating an adverse association with this diagnosis. The list is continually updated through ongoing research and new medication approvals. Click on Citations to sort by number of citations or click on Medication to sort the medications alphabetically.
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References
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Last Updated:09/08/2016

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Granuloma annulare - External and Internal Eye
See also in: Overview