Neurilemmomas, also known as schwannomas, neurinomas, and Schwann cell tumors, are uncommon benign tumors derived from Schwann cells of peripheral or cranial nerve sheaths. These tumors typically arise spontaneously but may also occur at sites of previous trauma. Seen slightly more often in females than males, these tumors may occur at any age. Although most are solitary and occur without association to any syndromes, they may be seen in patients with neurofibromatosis. Cases of multiple neurilemmomas have also been reported. These tumors may be asymptomatic, tender, or painful, and rarely paresthesias may occur.

Neurilemmomas commonly present as solitary subcutaneous nodules on the head or flexor extremities, and less often on the trunk. They may also occur in internal organs including the stomach and bones.