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Acquired pancytopenia in Adult
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Acquired pancytopenia in Adult

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Contributors: Nina Haghi MD, Benjamin L. Mazer MD, MBA, Carla Casulo MD, Paritosh Prasad MD
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Synopsis

Acquired pancytopenia : Fatigue, Bleeding time prolonged, Pancytopenia, Asthenia, Pallor, WBC decreased, PLT decreased, RBC decreased
Pancytopenia is a decrease in all 3 peripheral blood lineages presenting as simultaneous anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia.

Acquired pancytopenia has many etiologies, but it is broadly grouped into 1 of 3 mechanisms causing decreased blood cell counts: bone marrow infiltration / replacement, bone marrow aplasia, or blood cell destruction or sequestration. Multiple mechanisms may occur simultaneously.

Bone marrow infiltration / replacement may be secondary to hematologic malignancy (such as lymphoma, myeloma, leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome), myelofibrosis, metastatic disease, and infectious processes (tuberculous, fungal infection, etc). Bone marrow aplasia may be due to nutritional deficiencies, viral infection, immune destruction, drug effect, toxic exposures, or aplastic anemia. Blood cell destruction may occur due to ineffective hematopoiesis (ie, myelodysplastic syndrome), disseminated intravascular coagulation, or thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Hypersplenism causes sequestration and is associated with various disease states (cirrhosis, lymphoma, autoimmune disorders, etc).

Codes

ICD10CM:
D61.818 – Other pancytopenia

SNOMEDCT:
5876000 – Acquired pancytopenia

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Diagnostic Pearls

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Differential Diagnosis & Pitfalls

Best Tests

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Management Pearls

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Therapy

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Drug Reaction Data

Below is a list of drugs with literature evidence indicating an adverse association with this diagnosis. The list is continually updated through ongoing research and new medication approvals. Click on Citations to sort by number of citations or click on Medication to sort the medications alphabetically.

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References

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Last Reviewed:08/13/2019
Last Updated:08/13/2019
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Acquired pancytopenia in Adult
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A medical illustration showing key findings of Acquired pancytopenia : Fatigue, Bleeding time prolonged, Pancytopenia, Asthenia, Pallor, WBC decreased, PLT decreased, RBC decreased
Clinical image of Acquired pancytopenia - imageId=1552640. Click to open in gallery. caption: 'Widespread purpuric patches and petechiae on the trunk and arms.'
Widespread purpuric patches and petechiae on the trunk and arms.
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