This summary discusses adult patients. Molluscum contagiosum in children is addressed separately.

Molluscum contagiosum is a viral skin infection caused by a DNA poxvirus. It manifests as smooth, firm papules with a central umbilication. Genital lesions are most commonly spread by sexual contact and tend to be located on the hair-bearing regions of the mons and inguinal creases. The labia majora, inner thighs, and buttocks may also be involved.

Molluscum contagiosum may also be spread by direct contact (most often in children) and autoinoculation (ie, shaving). Infections have also been associated with swimming pool facilities via fomites.

Many cases are asymptomatic, but there can be surrounding irritation and pruritus. In the immunocompetent host, the disease tends to be self-limited, but papules may persist for several months and up to 2 years before disappearing.

In cases of underlying immunodeficiency, such as HIV disease, molluscum may be widespread or large, atypical papules and/or plaques may be seen.